Study On Rural In-situ Urbanization Under The E-commerce

The torrent of Internet revolution swept across the whole of China, which has caused profound changes in all aspects of society and economic, and also of the integration into China's rural areas at an unprecedented rate. The access of internet to rural areas activates a new round of bottom-up urbanization process, and under the function of electronic commerce, the rural has realized the start of non-agricultural industry, thus Taobao villages rapidly rise and boom in the role of electronic commerce, making the marginalized rural areas originally in the rapid urbanization process to have the power of endogenous development, especially for backward and remote rural areas. The emerge of Taobao village will be the typical symbol of the non-agricultural development. At present, the research of Taobao village is mostly concentrated in the field of industrial development. Some scholars have noticed the process of rural urbanization in the process of e-commerce, but the lack of empirical research observation also should be concerned about. Based on the field research and observation of a number of Taobao villages in China, two basic questions about this kind of urbanization are put forward:why is the process of urbanization in the rural areas directly happening without attached to the city? Why did not the urbanization of Taobao village result in the increase of large-scale concentrated construction but presenting the characteristics of localization?According to the research questions, the article has established the theoretical basis, namely the relationship between the division of labor and the spatial pattern of urbanization. Classical economics, new classical economics and neoclassical economics are cited to explain the relationship between spatial agglomeration and increasing returns, and to make clear that the process of economic development and spatial change of Taobao village are analyzed with the change of transaction cost and labor division in the new classical economics. Then, by summarizing the characteristics of the special phenomenon of the rural in-situ urbanization under the function of e-commerce, this paper finds the breakthrough point of this research, that is, the uncertain relationship between trading efficiency and spatial agglomeration. Finally, according to the breakthrough point, the deduction of specification evolution and the model of urbanization in neoclassical economics, shows that the development of urbanization is a compromising result of the conflict between specialization and transaction costs, and the main contribution of e-commerce is reducing transaction costs remarkably, making rural areas break location restrictions, leap the basis of development, get access to social division of labor and thus to make industrial development and urbanization come true. Moreover, the spatial pattern of urbanization reflects the compromising result of the conflict between the positive effect and negative effect of agglomeration, e-commerce reduces the agglomeration tendency of production activities, thus forming a relatively scattered spatial pattern.In this study, Choosing Daji of Cao County in Shandong as the research object, on the basis of the above theoretical construction, the empirical analysis of the development process of the local town of Taobao village in Daji town is launched. Under the development of electronic commerce, the vast number of farmers can realize non-agricultural economic development in the place of electronic commerce. Especially facing the unfriendly living environment and the deteriorating living environment in cities, versus better social environment, ecology, and rural policy in rural areas, the comparative advantage between urban and rural population began to reverse. As a result, population began to return and agglomerate in rural areas. By improving facilities and services, rural areas, such as relatively backward, marginalized areas can be achieved by electronic commerce transition type of urbanization development, and a new town can be developed. Through getting access to internet, along with the promoting of rural social networks and government, the efficiency of transaction of performance apparel e-commerce and related industries is enhanced to a higher level, which makes Taobao villages of Daji town obtain division of labor from the country and even the global production network, and form the labor division relations of local-nonlocal coordination, improve the level of labor division, simplify the local production links, furthermore, an "overall high level of division of labor and lack of local division of labor division" of the division of labor system will be formed. This system of division of labor has weakened the positive benefits of the local spatial agglomeration of Taobao villages of Daji town, meanwhile, the constraints of land and financial make the production space anchored in-situ, and promote the overall pattern of the formation of in-situ urbanization. Due to the layout of flexible, wide range of services, a small number of local division of labor formed the small-scale local characteristics. Thus, the overall constitute "in situ, small agglomeration" in situ urbanization spatial pattern will be formed.The spatial pattern of the urbanization of Taobao village has a certain relevance with the industrial categories. Currently, most of the industrial types of Taobao village prefer the fundamental production and processing and the level of division of labor is simple, the tendency of dispersion is more prominent. However, there are also a small part of Taobao Villages which have rich level of division. They always rely on a large number of space inputs and large machinery production, meanwhile, the division shows a strong reliance on the local space, and it is easier for them to follow the path of deepening division of the traditional manufacturing industry. By increasing the initial investment, deepening the internal division of labor, gathering the relevant industries together, and improving the local industrial chain, the tendency of agglomeration is more prominent.Through the theoretical induction and case analysis, this paper has made the following contributions: Using the basic principles of the labor division and the urbanization model of the new classical economics to interpret the action logic of the individual; based on the uncertainty relation between transaction efficiency and spatial agglomeration, the deepening of the division system of Taobao village and the formation of the spatial pattern of urbanization are explained; thus the internal mechanism of the rural in-situ urbanization under the function of electronic commerce can be induced.