A Comprehensive Review Of The Theory And Practice Of Healthy Urban Planning

Urban disease are now threatening public residents' health and wellbeing,driven by the irreversible trend of urbanization.Even though many health issues have already been solved due to the improvement of medical level and social economic level,chronic disease,infectious disease,air pollution and many other health threats still emerge in endlessly,which has become a major issue in today's international economic and social development.It is now has been proved that there are connections between public health and built environment,and urban planning must perform the duty of improving public health as it is the major tool for the creation of built environment.Overall,the research of healthy urban planning has kept making progress in every perspective overseas,whereas China is just getting started and falls behind.Under the above background,this article tries to provide the whole picture of healthy urban planning from the theories to practices.First,this article dives deep into the research findings overseas,introducing the meaning of health,the determinants of health and the urban planning factors that influence health,which leads to the analysis of the major goals,basic principle,content domain,process and tools of healthy urban planning.For better understand the practice of healthy urban planning,this article also provides seven case studies,including research transition,planning tools and best practice cases.Shenzhen city is one of the most qualified cities for the practice of healthy urban planning,and also a needed one.Its fast-growing economy has brought the citizen well-developed public transportation system,high-efficient public service and beautiful environment,which is the reason that it's now on top of the healthy city list of China.However,there still are many public health issues because of the high-density built environment and the stressful way people live and work.Therefore,this article combines what has been introduced and analyzed about healthy urban planning with the current situation analysis of Shenzhen's urban planning,then provides healthy urban planning strategies that can be applied to Shenzhen from the angles of urban comprehensive planning,detailed planning,block and architecture design,and also gives deep thinking about where the strategies research should starts and how it can be performed.,hopefully this presents the potential of its application and provides the directions for the next step of the healthy urban planning research.