Animal Ethics Criticism Research

Animal ethics criticism is under the guidance of animal ethics. It is a literary criticism that discusses about the relationship between people and animals in literature and culture, and this criticism try to achieve the re-recognition on the relationship between people and animals. Animal ethics is the new tendency of development of literary criticism. Animal ethics does not mean the ethical relationship between animal and animal, it is a attitude about people respect for animals, and gives them compassion. So Animal ethical criticism is not the same as the traditional ethical criticism. Traditional ethical criticism focuses on the ethical relationship between man and man, but animal ethical pays attention to the relationship between people and "the other". Animal ethical criticism study enriched the traditional literary criticism perspective.In this paper, the writer combed the animal ethical criticism theory as a system, and discusses this theory from the following three parts: the introduction, main text, and epilogue.The main text includes four chapters: the theoretical basis of animal ethics criticism, the connotation of the animal ethical criticism, the research method of animal ethical criticism and animal ethics criticism's text practice- in Mo Yan's "Fatigue Beyond Life and Death".The introduction outlines the current research status about the animal ethical criticism at home and abroad. These research include two types, the first one is through text mining, and then pointing out that the reflection of this test,and finding out the orientation about animal ethics; Another one is mainly study the connotation of animal ethics criticism, supplemented with relevant text analysis. Through summarizes the domestic and foreign research status of common ground and difference, and the problems in the study, then we can understand the feasibility and necessity of animal ethical criticism study.The first chapter discusses the theoretical basis of animal ethics criticism. Mainly from the aspects of society, philosophy and literature to discuss the theoretical foundation of animal ethics. In terms of social culture, many animals are on the edge of extinction. This phenomenon has caused the human animal crisis consciousness, and the attention of academia on animal ethics also gradually increased; In terms of philosophy, from the ancient Greece, the discussion about animal ethics has never stopped, especially in the sixties and seventies, animal ethics theory developed more rich. In terms of literature, the perspectives about literary criticism theory research be extended. Among them, there are two direction played an important role on animal ethics criticism, one kind is in the process of literary criticism, the researchers realized the importance of the ecological dimension, and ecological criticism increased breadth and depth, the perspective of animal research becomes more and more prominent. Another direction is the new steering about the development of the literature ethics criticism inside. New ethical turn tends to study a text with "the other" or " another one ". This criticism will not only put the ethical relationship between people as a measure of literature evaluation.The second chapter studies the animal ethical criticism theory connotation. The first is the definition of ethical criticism to animals, animal ethical criticism is not only a literary criticism, but also cultural studies, the research object of animal ethics criticism not only refers to literary works in the animal imagery and includes everything related to animal culture and arts and cultural phenomenon. Animal ethics criticism fundamental research purpose is through the literary works about animal imagery or scenario analysis again, extending the narrow-minded morality, changing the attitudes towards animals, so as to achieve the purpose of protect the animals and free animals.The third chapter illustrates the research method of animal ethical criticism. First, the moral tendency of animal sympathy is the basic ethical attitude that researchers should have.The framework of the whole animal ethical criticism is based on the theory of sympathy, with a color of emotionalism ethics. Second, Animal ethics criticism put animals reproduce way as the perspective of text analysis. The animals reproduce way is divided into two kinds, one kind is about dominant,natural animal's writing. The other one belongs to recessive, mainly pay attention to the “absent in which”phenomenon. Third, the animal ethical criticism research has interdisciplinary research vision. Animal ethics and ecological criticism and post-colonial criticism, feminist criticism all are repression theory. They all have multiple correlation between them.The fourth chapter is about animal ethics criticism practice and application. In this chapter, it will put Mo Yan's “fatigue life and death”as specific text analysis object. The author through two ways reproduce animals, one way is to reproduce nature's animal, another way is to reproduce alienated animals. Mo Yan through these ways try to blur the boundaries between people and animal, and expressed the author to respect and fear of all natural forms of life, and to make a reflection on human nature.Conclusion part of this article points out that the animal ethics criticism as a kind of new criticism has enriched the literary criticism of animals in the Angle of view, make up for the deficiency of the traditional ethical criticism. Animal ethics criticism also have some limitations. It focuses on the subjectivity of the vulnerable groups, emphasize speaking for disadvantaged groups, may stimulate the extreme of the spread of moral relativism.