| During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a large number of respected and influential families lived in the northwest of Shandong. The region' natural environment which consisted of landform, climate, hydrology, and natural disasters, the conditions of agriculture, industry,commerce, transportation, population, towns and major events, the customs of advocating Confucianism and paying attention to the imperial examination, Xiangyue, Baojia and other social organization, reflected the main features of the political, economic and cultural lives of the people in the northwest of Shandong During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, also had great influences on the formation and development of the respected and influential families.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there existed Deping Ge, Dezhou Lu, Laoling Shi, Linyi Xing, Dezhou Tian, Pingyuan Dong, Liaocheng Fu, Zhu, Ren, Deng, Yang, Gaotang Zhu, Binzhou Du, Zhanhua Ding, Haifeng Zhang, Haifeng Wu, Huimin Li, Yangxin Lao and other main respected and influential families in the northwest of Shandong. Their size and prosperous durations were various, but they all immigrated to the northwest of Shandong During the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They were rich, more moral than other social backgrounds, and had great political influences and abundant culture resource.During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the distinguished families and the local society in the northwest of Shandong were mutually influenced and shaped each other. On the one hand, during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the formation of the features of the families in the northwest of Shandong was influenced by the natural geography, social economy, culture and so on. On the other hand, the families participated in the local administrative affairs, led the productive activies, cultural activities, local defensive affairs, social commonweal activities, and families construction. These families and the local society depended on each other, and also combated each other. |
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