Psychological Differences In Pupils' Different Reading Patterns

The aim of our research is to explore the m entle difference of prim ary school student for reading Chinese on dif ferent reading m ode.In the m eantime,we wa nt to know how this mentle difference changes with the improving of grade.The research mainly focuses on two kinds of reading m ode,oral r eading and silent r eading.In order to explore the relation between the mentle differences for reading with word characteristics,research also controls the word frequency.We can explore the influence of hign and low frequency words on the development of mentle difference of primary school students under different reading mode.Experimental design is 2(reading mode:oral and silent reading)× 2(word frequency:hign and low)× 4(grade:three?four?five?six grade)× 2(gender:male and female).Experiment is done individualy in single room.Firstly instru ction was read for subjects.After subjects understand inst ruction,preliminary experiment was done.Then subjects did formal experiment.Experiment used readi ng comprehension task and sentences reading paradigm.The students read sentence,then answer questions related with sentence.About material making,firstly,we chose 100 high frequency words(critical words),which frequency rate is above 80 per m illion in 1986 edition diction ary and above 30 per million in the 2010 edition diction ary.Secondly,we edited 100 sentences inclued th ese 100 critical words.These critical words located center position in the sentences.There are at least two words bef ore and af ter critical words.Sentence meaning must be right.The rate of predicting critical words by the part before critical words is less 20%.Thirdly,we used low frequency words to replace the high frequency words.The rate of these low frequency words is less than 10 per milloin in both edition dictionaries.Fourthly,we chose some students who don't take part in norm al experiment to ev aluate the prediction and natureness of the sentences.Finaly,72 sentence frames are in line with the requiremnt.Filling in the low and high frequency words,the total sentences is 144.144 sentences were divided into four series.72 sentences with high frequency words and 72 sentences with low frequency words were used under silent reading condition.Anothe r two series was used under oral reading conditions.Each series was presented randomly.Each participate do one series.The E-Prime software was used to present sentences and to record reaction time and accuracy.The results are as follow: 1)about the r eading time,there is significance difference between reading mode,oral reading need m ore time than silent re ading.2)the stu dents in higher grade need less tim e to read sentence,an d have good scores.3)the material featrues,for example,word fre quency,influence the reading process.There is not significance difference between two gender students.On the basis experiment results,we can conclude as follow:1)In the stage of Prom ary School,oral reading is slower than silent reading.The score for oral reading is better than that of silent reading.2)In the stage of Promary School,with the development of grade,reading ability ha s been improved gradually.3)The m aterial featrues,for example,word frequency,is the factor of influencing reading.But,gender effect has not significant difference.