Research On Farmland Water Conservancy In Southern Shaanxi In The Qing Dynasty

Water conservancy project is an important part of agricultural production. The unique geographical conditions in southern area of Shaanxi determines the region must pay attention to the construction of irrigation and water conservancy. Shaanxi is located to Qinba Mountain Area. It was Known as "eight out ten are mountains and one-tenth is water and field. It is an important part of the water conservancy of zhongshan district. Irrigation in mountainous area is not as long as the water can be irrigated, There is a higher requirement to the construction of irrigation and water conservancy to the complexity of mountainous terrain. Therefore, the unique nature of water conservancy construction in mountainous areas is obvious. The construction of water conservancy in order to adjust the mountain water to meet the crop water requirement. Crop water requirement is determined according to its growth period, so the water conservancy facilities must have the characteristics of timeliness.Research in the area of farmland water conservancy for local agricultural development has important significance. In this paper, from Shaanxi irrigation and water conservancy development course, canal irrigation weir Tianmu increase and weir and channel management three aspects were systematically, to explore the general situation of farmland water conservancy development in southern Shaanxi.The first part is the introduction, which introduces the significance of this topic, and the related research status.In the perspective of historical geography to study irrigation and water conservancy in southern and southern Shaanxi, overview of administrative zoning changes and water environment status that the areas of farmland water conservancy form mainly trench weir is due to the environment.The second part described in detail the development of water conservancy and construction. n this paper, we mainly study the Qing Dynasty period of irrigation and water conservancy. However, in southern Shaanxi irrigation and water conservancy in the song and Yuan Dynasties, even in Ming Dynasty had different degrees of development, in order to complete exploration in southern Shaanxi irrigation and water conservancy development context, special secluded section to narrative, the second, three, four sections were discussed of the Qing Dynasty in different periods of weir and channel development.The third part discusses the increase of irrigation area.The direct goal of irrigation and water conservancy construction is to increase irrigation area. This chapter from the Qing Dynasty county irrigation area change of to glimpse the time variation of the total area of the irrigation of water resources in southern Shaanxi in the Qing Dynasty, and analyze the main cause of the change.The fourth part is the management of farmland water conservancy. In this paper, the two aspects of the official and civil organizations were described in the management of the different roles of the weir.In the early Qing Dynasty in order to consolidate the rule and recuperate, and actively develop irrigation and water conservancy, performance of local officials to actively participate in the construction of water conservancy, become the dominant force in the water conservancy construction in the early Qing Dynasty. Because this period folk strength not weak enough to irrigation to restore a large water conservancy project, so at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty official in beefing recovery has an important role in the water conservancy facilities. At the same time, the construction of water conservancy as its control a manifestation of local power and consolidate the rule of the Qing Dynasty. Subsequently, dams, canals, further development and local people gradually involved, with the water management system in watershed, gradually improve the allocation of labor and other aspects of the system regulations, local people and gentlemen become the main force of the trench weir management.The fifth part summarizes the experience and Enlightenment of the farmland water conservancy construction. Taking Xixiang County as a case analysis, in the repair process and channel protection, governance environment combined. At the same time the ditch is not independent of the individual, but combined with the local ecological environment to form a system, overall planning, and to conform to the laws of nature, this is a great inspiration to the modern construction of irrigation and water conservancy.