"Shikang Contract" And The Study Of Shicang Fangyin In The Qing Dynasty

Associated with the modern study about ShiCang dialect, the paper was devoted to the phonetic study of the misused characters in ShiCang Contracts, and mainly discussed the consonants, vowels and tones of the ShiCang dialect in Qing dynasty.From the real situation of the misued words, primarily discussed the following question on consonants:initial devoicing; partly mixed of aspirated and unaspirated voices on the full voiced initial stops and affricates; three streams of Zhi(?),Zhuang(?) and Zhang(?) systems, interflowed;the words in Jian(?)-system and in the third division of Zhi(?),Zhuang(?) and Zhang(?) systems mixed; JianTuan Yin(?? ?) pronunciation were alike; the words in Jing(?)-system and Zhi(?), Zhuang(?) and Zhang(?) systems partly mixed; the words of Ni(?), Ri(?), Yi(?) consonants can replaced by each other, so were the words among Yun(?), Yu(?), Ying(?),Yi(?), Ri(?), Lai(?) consonants; Round-mouth characters of Xiao(?),Xia(?) consonants and the words of lip constants are mixed;Jian(?) consonant and Xiao(?), Ying(?), Yu(?) mixed; the words in Duan(?)-system and Zhi(?),Zhuang(?) and Zhang(?) systems partly mixed.As the aspect of the vowels, primarily discussed the following question:open and closed mouth vowel of Zhi(?) rhyme unit didn't mixed; three rhymes of non labial initials of Yu(?) unit were mixed; the use of nasal consonant of -?,-n and-m were reflected in the confusion of the Xian(?), Shan(?), Zhen(?), Dang(?), Geng(?), Tong(?) units; the use of nasal consonant of -p,-t and-k were reflected in the confusion of the Xian(?), Zhen(?), Geng(?), Tong(?) units. Besides, the paper also discussed the questions that ShiCang dialect did not have the rhymes containing a rounded front vowel and it has one nasal consonant "-?" now.The aspect of the tones were doubt, so the paper list a summary firstly. Then chose a few phenomenon to analysize:clear and deep level-tone, clear falling-rising tone and clear level-tone, time voiced falling-rising tone and deep level-tone, deep and clear falling-rising tone, deep falling-tone and clear falling-rising tone, were similar.