Dai Zhen Meng Xue Four Books Research

The writings of Dai Zhen Mengzi Ideology mainly have three volumes Original Goodness(????),Mencius SiShu Records(???????),Exordium(????)and Mencius Ziyi Shuzheng????????)(hereinafter referred to as Dai Zhen Mengzi Ideology Four Books).Dai Zhen Mengzi Ideology Four Books both have inheritance and development at the ideological contents before and after.Especially the change of attitude towards Neo-Confucianism,which reflect on Dai Zhen's mental development process towards Neo-Confucianism from doubt to refutation.In recent years,the academic circles pay more attention to Dai Zhen Mengzi Ideology Four Books but most scholars mainly focus on Mencius Ziyi Shuzheng while just a brief discussion of their generality to the rest of the three books generally,and carding the relationship between inheritance and development among them seldomly.Furthermore,they mainly expound the critique of Dai Zhen towards Neo-Confucianism but seldom reveal the development history which from doubt to refutation of Dai Zhen towards Neo-Confucianism.The paper takes Dai Zhen Mengzi Ideology Four Books as the object of study and plans to take the three core issues of The Theory of Human Nature,The Theory of Liqi,Doctrine of Ethics and Desires conducting comparative analysis to probe into the development and change process of Dai Zhen's ideology.Dai Zhen sticks to the monism of law and temperament.He interpreted "Dao" that the most important concept in ancient Chinese Philosophy as the constantly change movement of corporeal yin and yang,and temperament was the noumenon of Dao,or said "the change of temperament is Dao".Dai Zhen considered "law is orderliness and logic",law just is originated from the specific rules of objective things and the conception of the nature change of temperament is world?Dai Zhen considered yin and yang as arche,and stipulated law as objective law which inhered in concrete thing and behaved as a variety of things,that is "take the matter on its merits".Besides,he negated Neo-Confucianist's The Theory of Law Noumenon's viewpoint,such as "the change of temperament is Dao","law is orderliness and logic","take the matter on its merits" embodied the completely subvert of Dai Zhen towards Neo-Confucianism's ideology of "law ahead of temperament","temperament is dominated by law".From the development Venation of Dai Zhen Mengzi Ideology Four Books,Dai Zhen displayed initially materialistic view of nature of "the change of temperament is Dao" on the Original Goodness.Also,he proposed law was“orderliness".As for the following Mengzi Ideology three books,he strengthened The Metaphysical Theory of Qi 's ideology of "the change of temperament is Dao"firstly;secondly,he enriched and expanded the meaning of "law" which as objective law,moreover,he explicitly raised the theory of "law" as "logic" on the Mencius Ziyi Shuzheng;in the meantime,he revealed the essence of Song Confucianism's Law and Temperament Dualism,at last,he criticized the doctrine of "law ahead of temperament" deeply.Dai Zhen sticks to Sexual Monism.He considered human nature was rooted in corporeal body and consciousness essentially,and thought human nature "Be split into yin-yang and five elements".It is because distinction along with separation.So with that being said "different kinds of human have different human nature".Dai Zhen emphasized talent is the external manifestation of human nature,and he put forwarded the viewpoint of "the difference of human nature displayed by talent",which was direct negation to Neo-Confucianism's The Dichotomy of Law And Temperament and Dualistic Theory of Human Nature of "human's talent is determined by temperament,nevertheless the temperament is distinguished between clear and turbid"substantially.Dai Zhen adhere to the cognitive function of "consciousness" to objective things,which the very reason of innate purity was rely on human cognitive ability.It is an expansion to the "consciousness" of human nature's body and consciousness——"cognition is kindness".In terms of Theory of Human Nature,Dai Zhen had have a more mature understanding to several core concepts of The Theory of Human Nature since the book of Original Goodness.Whether human nature's cognitive ability of "Be split into yin-yang and five elements","consciousness",or "the difference of human nature displayed by talent",Dai Zhen had been carefully analyzed in the Original Goodness,but he had have uncertain attitude towards Neo-Confucianism's Theory of Human Nature.As for the following Mengzi Ideology three books,Dai Zhen had engaged in:one for deepened his own academic ideology continuously,the theory of "human body is the foundation of consciousness of the people" became more systematic in particular;two for constantly enriched and improved the content,and discussed the importance of "consciousness"fully,moreover,added relevant exposition towards "talent";three for adopt chapter discussion,to conduct classification,extraction and integration for contents of article;four for disclosed the generation source of Song Confucianism's Dualistic Theory of Human Nature ideology,and refuted Dualistic Theory of Human Nature spare no efforts.Dai Zhen expressed the thought of human desire rooted in human nature and critiqued Song-dynasty philosophers' theory of the principle of nature and human desires,he emphasized the necessity of limiting desire on the premise of affirming the rationality of desire through the elucidation of the Doctrine of the Mean's "adhere to natural instincts belongs to the content of Dao";Dai Zhen was inspired by The Great Learning's "the Dao of moral norm" and then put forwarded the doctrine of "with one's own desire to guess others desire" which linked human feelings with interpersonal interaction closely.In addition,Dai Zhen related the reason of social ethics to human social activities closely,and then proposed the standpoint of "the unification of reason and desire" of "the person who knows the truth also has the desire" through introducing the concept of dialectical unity of nature and necessity to discuss the dialectical unification of reason and desire.He also profoundly exposed the nature of Song Confucianism "kill people by reason" of "Save the hearts of justice,destroy people's desire".There was a deepening process of Dai Zhen's Doctrine of Ethics and Desire:It's made clear the view of desire originated from human nature on the Original Goodness;As for the following Mengzi Ideology three books,on one hand,Dai Zhen hammered at the rationality of desire rooted in human nature.On the other hand,he defined the ideology of unification of reason and desire and indicated humanitarian principle is originated from the orderly all kinds of daily human relation.Besides,he refuted the doctrine of Neo-Confucianism's absolute opposition between reason and desire and all-out criticized the doctrine of Song Confucianism's save reason and destroy desire.It's can perceive Dai Zhen's The Theory of Human Nature,The Theory of Liqi,Doctrine of Ethics and Desires were not accomplish at a stretch clearly,but went through a process from the negation of negation,constantly profound to improve and perfect through carding and comparative analysis to Dai Zhen Mengzi Ideology Four Books.On the other hand,aimed at revealing Dai Zhen's mental development process for Neo-Confucianism that from perplexed,doubt developed into completely deny and all-out criticism.