The Positive Effects And Influencing Factors Of Emotional Cognition In The Elderly

It is generally accepted that people in old age have more negative emotion experience,however, researchers found that the elderly had more positive emotional experiences.they called this phenomenon as "positive effect",meaning that compared to young people,the elderly pay more attention to the positive emotion and ignore the negative emotion.Nowage,many studies have proved the existence of positive effects,for some studies did not get a positive effect,researchers believe that,it may be due to the limited cognitive resources of the subjects in the experiments.Based on this,this experiment mainly discusse the influence of cognitive resources on the positive effects.in the first research used 3 (valence: positive, neutral, negative) * 3 (age: youth,middle age and old age) mixed experimental design,investigate the differences of recognition rates of different age groups in different valence images,and test whether there is positive effect in emotional memory.In the second research,in the presentation stage used 3 (valence: positive, neutral, negative) * 3 (age: youth, middle age and old age) mixed experimental design, investigate the differences of attentional bias among different age individuals in different valence pictures,and to investigate whether there is a positive effect in emotional attention;comparing the results of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2,to investigate the effect of cognitive resource restriction on positive effects.The results show that:(1)In the emotional recognition task of Experiment 1,the result of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that there was an interaction between valence and age.(2)In the point detection task of Experiment 2,there was an interaction between variance and age.(3)In the recognition task of emotional expression picture in Experiment 2,the result of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that,when cognitive resources are limited, there is no interaction between valence and age.Based on these, conclusions were made following:(1)By comparing the emotion picture recognition results of the three age groups,it was proved that there is positive effect in emotional memory;(2) By comparing the point detection task results of the three age groups,it was proved that there is positive effect in emotional attention;(3) By comparing the emotion picture recognition results between subjects with cognitive restriction and non restriction,it was found that cognitive resources had a significant impact on the emergence of positive effects.