Hexi Culture And Literature During The Wuliang Period

The numerous culture categories of the Five Liang period, including literature,Confucianism,Buddhism,music and so on,have made a lot of achievements,and been well preserved and inherited. Even in the Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, they also had a far-reaching influence on medieval history. Because of cultural accumulation of Han and Jin Dynasties, the special historical opportunity, the hub location of traffic line, the multi-ethnic social life and many other factors, Five Liang culture has presented diversiform characteristics. Therefore, this paper has discussed the culture of Five Liang on the basis of fruitful results of senior scholars..The first chapter focuses on Five Liang literature. First, the number of Five Liang literatis was counted. Especially, the situation of the Bei Liang literatis was explored, and the constantly deepening but neglected "willed" and practical function of the Five Liang literature was discussed; Second, the distinctive Five Liang literary forms which are flexible and authoritative , such as the literary forms of "Shu" and"Ling" that Five Liang monarches preferred was researched, and its relationship with the orthodoxy and the political situation then was discussed; Finally, the research would give a literature review of the predecessors' study and measurement of the special value of Five Liang literature.The second chapter combs the different development situation of Confucianism,Buddhism and metaphysics in the Five Liang period. Zhang Tianxi and Juqu Mengxun have all affected the development of these three kinds of thoughts differently. The Five Liang metaphysics has close relations with the Confucian scholar,and bloomed in Qian Liang period while developing with the Confucianism and then gradually decreased. The Buddhist grottoes appeared in Qian Liang firstly, which is in great probability from the origination of its own law of development, and with little relations with Confucian grottoes and Taoist grottoes.The third chapter analyzes the Hexi musical culture. First, the incoming of the Qiuci music and Tianzhu music has greatly influenced the Hexi musical culture, and even the medieval musical history; Second, under the background of communication between Chinese and western musical culture, the unique Xiliang music has formed under the Qiuci music; Third, the old Qingshang music had been saved in Hexi area,and influenced the generation of Xiliang music, but itself has not been infiltrated by the western regional music.The fourth chapter focuses on the effects of migration on Hexi culture.The development of Five Liang culture benefits from the westward migration of the scholars of the central plains and Hexi area partly. Meanwhile, the intelligentsia and nobility accounted for a very large proportion of the number of out -migration, which has a long-term effect on the development of Five Liang culture. From the Five Liang period, a large number of western people migrated in Hexi area, including western monks and merchants, especially most of Soghdians, they have made great contributions to the spread of Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, music and so on.The fifth chapter includes the Buddhist texts into research category of Five Liang culture, and mainly discusses two buddhist scriptures. The former has discussed the change of the original classic in the process of circulating through "Sabu" story, and analyzed its adaption to the local national culture of the western regions. The latter think that the translator of The Buddhacarita is not the Tanwuchen as The Tripitaka recorded but the Liangzhou monk Bao Yun, and its name has never been changed.All in all, the real meaning of Five Liang culture is: the characteristics of the regional culture and the endless inheritance.