Research On Immigration Governance In Shaanxi Nationality Area During The Anti-Japanese War

After Japan launched the war against China,thousands of Chinese people were forced to escape to more peaceful areas in the nation,such as Sichuan,Shaanxi,Gansu,Ningxia,Yunnan and Guizhou,most of which are located in western China.During the wartime,more than 3 million of immigrants from various occupations all over the nation rushed into all regions of Shaanxi,which had brought great pressure in its governance.In order to effectively solve immigration problem during the wartime,Shaanxi local government issued the immigration relief and resettlement policy,which was aimed at improving the immigration well-beings and productivity through proper training.The local government also came out with series of regulations,set up supporting institutions and organized various activities in order to better classify and resettle the immigrants and inspire their best potential in various areas.The immigration governance enforced by Shaanxi local government transformed human resources into actual war resources,which had effectively stabilized the social order,supported the government in material and manpower,as well as relieved the government economical burden in the resettlement of the immigration during wartime.The "reversed population flow" caused by the war benefited Shaanxi in its human resource allocation to a certain degree.Immigrants provided sufficient human resources and intellectual support,which promoted the modern shaanxi commercial development and prosperity of the city as well as the fusion of culture and national unity.Because of the arrival of immigrants,living habits of Shaanxi local people also changed dramatically,Shaanxi had taken on an entirely new look during the wartime.However,it is noteworthy that the immigration rushed into Shaanxi during wartime appeared to be survival-oriented but not developmental-oriented,and thus the accompanying prosperity seemed to be momentary and abnormal.After the immigration moved back to their home provinces,Shaanxi entered into a long-term stagnation.In addition,campared with the same period when the shaanxi-gansu-ningxia border regional government effective governance of migration,the immigrants policies exercised by Shaanxi government were mainly base on the severe immigration situation rather than on the regional development.Moreover,the provincial governance was superficial and also has certain historical limitations.All in all,the immigration policies should be aimed at the development of productive forces,which relies on an effective and honest government,accompanied with scientific regulation,law and institutions.Meanwhile,with the goal of building a harmonious and developing society between immigrants and natives,the governance should also emphasis its democracy,rationality and legality.