| Born in "Lantian Lv Family",a well-known nobility family in Beisong Dynasty,and as one of the "Lantian Four Men of Virtue",Lv Dalin held his ground to rite in his whole life and set a great example about rite for later generations.Lv Dalin's learning process can be divided into three periods:"Lv","Guan" and "Luo" schools of thought.In the "Lv" period,Lv Dalin discussed rite with his elder brother and expressed his great interest in rite;in the "Guan" period,Lv Dalin's rite thought was formed initially and in "Luo" period,his rite thought was improved and consummated gradually.The formation of Lv Dalin's rite thought is not only because of his own pursuit to perform rite,but also thanks to the good family custom to pursuit Tao of "Lantian Four Men of Virtue" and the teaching and awakening from Zhang Zai and Cheng Brothers.After the training of this three periods for a long time,finally Lv Dalin set the "Tian" of morality and lives and the "Zhong" of not expressed emotions to be the metaphysical basis for the creation of his rite thought in the two perspectives of cosmogony and subject of physical and mental life;he set "the relations with relatives and the levels among oracles" that is created with people's birth to be the realistic evidence of the creation of rite.Secondly,he proposes a idea that the original meaning of rite is "respect",and he understands the meaning and function of "respect" as "just mind",appealing that "just mind" is the natural accomplishment.The connotation of Lv Dalin's ritualism makes the traditional rituals and the thought of the Song Dynasty pass through and perfect the system of traditional rituals.Thirdly,in his opinion,the specific ways of rite can be changed with time,but the fundamental spirit and principle of it should not be changed.He reveals that we should be in the history and culture of its often,but also in the history and culture of its changes.Finally,he thinks "kindheartedness" is the inner support of rite and reflects "kindheartedness" into the process of "reviving rite".And then through the ritual,and thus the body and kung fu received a unified.In addition,he will "benevolence,and "justice,and use,will be used together in the cause of Confucianism repair Qi Zhiping.This aspect to prevent the "benevolence" of the empty trend,on the other hand also reflects a Confucian high degree of self-confidence.From Lv's point of view,the functions of rite are varied from "classifying according to differences" and the cultivating people with morality to "teaching the public to form great customs" and administering countries,reflecting the generation of Song Confucianism on the reality of strong concern.There are some vivid and special characteristics for Lv's rite thought:firstly,he proposes Yi Li as the textbook of rite and Li Ji is invented to explain Yi Li.Secondly,he illustrates his great thinking about rite based on Yi Li by explaining traditional Confucian books such as Lun Yun,MengZi and Zhong Yong.Finally,his rite thought shows a special characteristic that the expression of rite is more important than the textual criticism of physical things.Lv Dalin's rite thought maintains the academic purpose of Guan school of thought that "worships for rite and morality" and inherits the practical spirit of Guan school of thought that "respects for kindness and thinks highly of practice".He finished and carried out Lv Shi Xiang Yue together with his elder brother to promote and popularization process of rite,which achieved a huge break in the developing history of rite.Since his rite thought is mixed up with the thoughts of Guan and Luo schools of thought,he is an indispensable part to research the relation of this two schools of thought.The interaction of rite and Confucian school of idealist philosophy in his thought certainly relieves the conflict between the contents and forms of rite in the history for a long time,and plays an special role in the developing history of rite with an irreplaceable value. |
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