The Study Of Lv Dalin's Neo-Confucianism Thoughts From The Vision Of The Unity Of Rite And Heavenly Principle

School of Guan and Luo are the most representative schools in start-up stage of Song Dynasty Neo-Confucianism.Lv Dalin studied from Zhang Zai and Cheng brothers successively and occupied an important position in both schools.Based on his learning,Lv established his own ideological system creatively from the vision of the unity of the rite and Heavenly principle.The first part,learning progress.Facing the social political and cultural environment in the early Northern Song Dynasty,Dalin realized the Sagely Confucian learning stagnant.Based on the family tradition of the rite,Lv Dalin learned from Zhang Zai and Cheng brothers successively and was profoundly influenced by thoughts of Li(Heavenly principle),Qi and benevolent and so on.But he was not satisfied with being a inheritor.Instead,Lv built up his own unique Neo-Confucianism system with independent thinking.The second part,content construction of Nature and Heavenly principle.At first,there is distinct characteristic of the rite in Lv's thinking.He was influenced by Li(heavenly principle)during learning from his teachers and gradually construct the content of the unity of the rite and Li.In his opinion,Li,which has the essential stipulation of Zhong(moderation)and Cheng(sincere),is the foundation of the world and gives birth to all living beings combining with Qi.Originated from Li,the highest ontology,Nature becomes the existence foundation of human and all beings.Lv Dalin thinks that Nature is pure good and there is no internal or external for human Nature.On account of that human and all other beings share the same Li(heavenly principle),so our own lives link up with all other beings' lives and the world is only an organic whole.Mind is the presentation of Nature.Lv also advances a new idea about Mind that utter innocence Mind is the natural state before emotions appear.There are consciousness of reason and justice in the moral Mind.However,selfishness arises in the material shape composed by Qi and there are evils in the real world.The third part,thinking about the rite implementation of heavenly principle.Dalin considers that based on the same Li,all people have the possible to be sages.But there are difficulties and obstacles on the path,so on one hand everyone should firm the goal to be sages.On the other hand,we should concentrate our efforts on concrete actions in real living world.As for Lv Dalin's thinking,that is the rite implementation of heavenly principle.The sages build up the etiquettes based on moral Mind with reason and justiceand the request of following the rite becomes the internally matters of lives.The rite requires highest respect both on mind and appearance.Then only benevolent can overcomes the selfishness of sensuous body life.We should realize that benevolent is inside ourselves and spread the greater self to the whole living world.In addition,we must pursue the Gold mean in order to tally with the Nature and Heavenly principle.The fourth part,pursuit of ideal personality and life world from the vision of the unity of rite and heavenly principle.In his consideration,based on the efforts of the rite,benevolent and Gold mean to conquer the cover of material body,we can stand upright with the greater me and make the implementation of heavenly principle well.For individuals,it is the path to achieve the goal of ideal personality,the sages.For the country and the world,it is the dream that applying the rite to the people and making the ideal life world come true.The scholars play a really significant role during the procedure.Lv Dalin and his brothers apply their Rite ideas to living world and show the effort of the scholars to build up the ideal life world under the vision of the unity of rite and heavenly principle.