Research On The Impact Of Transportation Infrastructure On Chinese Manufacturing Agglomeration

Since 30 years of reform and opening up, the China economy developed rapidly,but the development of each region is not balanced. This contradicts with the theory of "new classical growth economics" hypothesis, and the "authority of new classical growth economics" has been questioned. And there was a new subject in 1990,and this is the new economic geography, the innovation of new economic geography is it considered the concept of space.From the perspective of space to explain the imbalance of economic development or industrial space layout problem is more convincing.New economic geography advocates regional industrial development is not balanced is main cause of inter regional gap is too large, new economic geography theory empirical studies show that, between North and South Regional Income Gap and labor flowendophytism relations(Krugman and Baldwin et al.). Therefore, people begin to pay attention to the distribution of economic space, because the different spatial distribution can be used to measure whether the industrial development in different regions is balanced. Many factors will affect the economic activity space, and transportation costs are deemed to be able to change enterprise layout,as the important elements in the traditional location theory and new economic geography. Most studies have shown that, traffic facilities developed, an area of economic activity will occur frequently, the market behavior of the ente rprises will becomes active, improving traffic facilities of a region can help the region in the market competition has more advantages. New economic geography, transportation costs will become the barrier of interregional trade dealings, depending on industrial concentrated design benefits of factory production will exceed the sunk costs of interregional trade caused by, if the cost of transportation does not constitute of interregional trade barriers hinder, then the firm trend in enterprise gathering area location of factories, further concentration, economies of scale occur, and return to scale increasing, enterprises gather degree will continue to increase. However, with the gradual reduction of transport costs, some scholars believe that the importance of traffic infrastructure on the market behavior is no longer significant, this research has also been a lot of empirical research to verify. However, enterprise location as one of the most important economic activities, the close relationship between the enterprise and the market depends on the distance between the enterprise and the market. Moreover, the research of transportation infrastructure is very important for the development of the national strategy. So it is very necessary to study the relations hip between transportation infrastructure and manufacturing industry. However, in the existing research at home and abroad. Most scholars will transport costs as the main theme of the research, and there is no specific quantitative transport infrastructure, in order to explain the traffic network of enterprise location distribution of the degree of influence, and ignore the added dimension of traffic infrastructure how on the spatial economic activities have an impact. So ignore the spatial factors research to obtain the conclusion is biased, can not accurately reflect the transportation and enterprise in the space location layout of the exact relationship.In this paper, we introduce the dimension of space, investigate the relationship of transportation infrastructure and spatial distribution of manufacturing industry from a more complete perspective.Firstly, carries on the analysis of the current situation and then, theoretical analysis,carried out empirical research last.Under the different time segment of the transportation infrastructure of manufacturing agglomeration degree and direction of impact analysis,empirical analysis with the passage of time,the development of transport infrastructure evolution of manufacturing space agglomeration development impact of the distribution.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1) The degree of agglomeration of manufacturing industries in C hina has obvious spatial dependence, according to Moran's I index results: manufacturing agglomeration level of spatial reciprocity with the passage of time is more obvious; from a regional local Moran scatter plot point of view, more and more provinces and autonomous regions of manufacturing industry in the geographical space contact more and more closely distribution patterns showed a positive correlation.(2) The influence coefficient of traffic facilities level on manufacturing agglomeration is positive, which indicates that the improvement of transportation infrastructure can promote the further concentration of manufacturing industry in space. However, with the passage of time, the impact of transportation infrastructure on the spatial distribution of manufacturing industry gradually reduced.(3) The influence coefficient of market scale and urbanization level was significantly positive. That market scope expanding to manufacturing enterprises concentrated layout design factory production, the market can accommodate degree higher, manufacturing industry in the layout will be more inclined to the space further concentrate. Meanwhile, the higher the level of urbanization, said the process of urbanization can promote the development of local industries, the higher the level of urbanization, the industry is likely to obtain additional income. The impact coefficient of trade is positive, which indicates that the convenience of trade between regions can promote the industrial concentration, and actively promote the marke t behavior of industrial space.(4) Government expenditure variables influence coefficient is negative, indicating that the government expenditure on manufacturing industry has spread its role in spatial layout layout. May is because with the deep development of economic reform, government more and more attention to the development of the central and western regions, the capacity to lever, under the macro background of supply side reforms, the government has increased the investment in construction of the central and western regions, which makes the good trend of development in Central and western regions, and in the central and western regions have a lot of cheap labor, enterprises in the eastern regions are more likely the plant located in areas with low labor cost, thus changing the manufacturing industry to the rich Eastern Region agglomeration trend.