The Comparison Study Of Main Agricultural Policies Of Niger And China

Economy in Niger is based largely upon internal market,agriculture in Niger is subsistence,it employs 84%of the population on 12%(15 million hectares)of the total land area(1,267,000 km2)receiving a rainfall exceeding 250mm per year.Agricultural incomes represent 36%of GDP.The arid climate and environmental issues influenced by an exaggerated population growth(3.4%per year)and an economic pressures result to a commonly agriculture deficit.Chinese socialist market economy system is based upon internal and external market,agriculture in China employs 130 million people around 22%of the world population on only 9%of global arable land,despite the very high size of its population(22%of the world population),its climate issues,its rapid urbanization,the use of only 9%of global arable land and the very recent famine it experienced in the 20th century China arrives today to be self-sufficient and to export.Land tenure in Niger remains complex,according to the law land belongs to the state in Niger but the reality show that people enjoy a fully own ship either in the rural area or the urban,on the contrary China’s land tenure is a simple land using right system where rural lands belong to collectives and the urban ones to the state.China has a land protection policy that points out a red line for agriculture using land squares but in Niger the state has no control on the squares evolution that create an over exploitation of land and a serious environmental issues.China has a very developed distribution channel system that creates benefits to producers and fulfilled the consumer’s interests;unlikely Niger has no distribution channel as the production system is for subsistence.Niger trade is such liberalized that the state cannot control the balance between import and export to assure a protection for national strategic commodities like rice and millet but has monopoly on some commodities that are very strategic for the whole country(rice,wheat,soybeans,com....).Food safety still a big challenges for the two countries but China recently highlighted a law to protect consumer;Niger is looking forward how to overcome famine.Policies are very important,particularly in agriculture.No country in the world has 100%of the required potentials to feed themselves without a sustainable use of good policies.Policies when good turn constraints into advantages and Niger should think about or reconsider its policies in order to feed it.A particular attention should be accorded to land tenure.