Space-Temporal Pattern Evolution And Impact Mechanism Research Of Chinese Provincial Tourism Eco-Security Based On GIS

Tourism ecological security is the characterization of the interaction of regional tourism to regional systems of human relations,and its spatiotemporal evolution pattern show the certain orderliness,is one of the hot tourist frontier research of sustainable development.On the basis of the theories of systematic coupling and sustainable tourism development,this paper attempt to constructing the evaluation index system of tourism ecological security.Apply the methods of mathematical statistics and GIS spatial to analysis for the level of tourism ecological security,and revealed the evolution way of spatiotemporal pattern of tourism ecological security and its impact mechanisms.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The tourism ecological safety of China's provinces mainly concentrated in the status of general,critical,sensitive and risk security level during 2004-2013.Distribution provinces gravity change intervals for different levels:general safety level at 6.45%-9.68%,critical safety level at 29.03%-48.39%,sensitive safety level at 39.71%-58.07%,risk safety level at 0-6.45%.This indicates that the different levels of tourism ecological safety of provinces showing the spindle shape of the distribution of the“middle more,two sides fewer”.An average of different regions of the tourism ecological security index showed eastern zone is greater than the middle zone and western zones.The security level of general and critical of tourist ecological security of provinces mainly concentrated in the eastern region.The security level of sensitive and risk of tourist ecological security of provinces mainly concentrated in the Midwest region.Different levels of eco-tourism in the provinces and regional security spatial distribution showed“gradient”of differentiation characteristics.(2)The space agglomeration of tourism ecological safety of China's provincial showing the trend of the first exhibit enhanced and after slow down,the overall pattern is stabile.Since 2004,tourism ecological safety H-H agglomeration type is mainly distributed in the eastern coastal areas and southern coastal areas.Tourism ecological security L-L agglomeration type concentrated in the northeast region,the middle reaches of the Yellow River,the Northwest Territories and Yangtze River region.Overall,tourism ecological security H-H type gathering provinces showing the significant distribution of "coastal",gathering and L-L types showed the significant distribution of“inland”.(3)During 2004-2013,the tourism ecological security of China as a whole was the first rose and then fell down—presented the pattern evolution of an inverted“U”shape,and the overall level in a sensitive state.The temporal trends of tourism ecological security of the provinces can be assigned into four major types:growth-oriented,down-type,a“V”type and the inverted“V”type,and the various types of spatial characteristics showed significant differences.Ecological security of tourism in different provinces of the spatial dimensions showed overall non-equilibrium,the senior of provincial tourism ecological safety distribution has prejudiced north to northeast,southwest to south prejudiced spatial displacement of evolution.(4)The space effect of tourism ecological safety the China's provincial showed more significant,mainly through spillover effects between neighboring regions to characterize the ecological security of tourism,the impact of the error influence of the ecological safety level of tourism is not obvious.In 2004 the impact of labor inputs for the largest tourism ecological security,the impact of the 2009 Tourism load levels,industrial structure and environmental management efforts for ecological security of tourism is relatively large,while the 2013 tour load levels and labor inputs for tourism ecological safety effects were more pronounced.(5)In the criteria layer,the obstacle factors mainly concentrated in the state of the environment.In addition,social status,social response and environmental response have a greater impact on tourism ecological security during 2004-2013.As view from the perspective of index layer,factors which have impacts on the tourism ecological safety were in dynamic changes.The main obstacle factors that affected the number of tourism practitioners,tourist accommodation and the population ratio,tourism foreign exchange earnings,green space area,the wetland area proportion accounted jurisdiction area,nature reserve area accounts for the proportion of the area of jurisdiction and other factors become the main obstacle to the impact resistance of the ecological security of tourism promotion,etc.