| Since 1978,China has undergone dramatic changes.The economy has grown at a remarkable rate,and people’s lives have improved rapidly.At the same time,economic structure continued to optimize,and the proportion of the financial industry continued to increase.In 2015,the added value of the financial sector in Henan Province accounted for 4.05%,an increase of 2.35 percentage points over 2005.In Henan Province,per capita GDP increased from 232 yuan in 1978 to 37072 yuan in 2014.As the people’s living standards are improving,urban-rural income gap is gradually expanding.Especially,the income gap between urban and rural areas in Henan Province increased from 210 yuan in 1978 to 14975 yuan in 2014.So while developing the economy,narrowing the urban-rural income gap and improving social equity have become a top priority.In this paper,we use the analytical method of combination of theory and empirical,qualitative and quantitative analysis.The first chapter of the literature at home and abroad are sorted out,and the total number of documents is divided into three categories: financial development to expand the income gap,financial development to narrow the income gap and the impact of financial development on the income gap need to be classified.In the second chapter,the author analyzes the concept and measure of financial development,and classifies the theories of financial development and urban-rural income gap.Then from the perspective of non-equilibrium mechanism,the threshold mechanism and the mechanism of economic growth to elaborate the financial development of urban and rural income gap transmission mechanism.In the third chapter of the current situation and analysis part,the relevant data is collected from 1978 to 2014 in Henan Province.First of all,from the three angles of banking industry,securities industry and insurance industry,the author introduces the operation of financial institutions in Henan Province and the whole development state of the financial industry.Then,from the perspective of financial development scale and financial development efficiency,the financial development is measured.The FIR scale is used to study the scale of financial development.The efficiency of financial development is investigated from the perspective of deposit and loan ratio and fixed asset investment.Then the author analyzes the dual structure of urban and rural finance,and selects two indicators of agricultural loan ratio and urban and rural bank density.In the part of the income gap between urban and rural areas,this paper compares the income difference between urban and rural areas,urban and rural income ratio and Taylor coefficient,and compares the situation of urban and rural income gap with the national situation.In the fourth part,the data of Henan Province from 1978 to 2014 were selected,and the relationship between financial development scale,efficiency,structure,and income gap between urban and rural areas was analyzed.And use the industrial structure as a control variable to make the unit root test,cointegration analysis and Granger causality test.The data show that there is a long-term relationship between them,and financial size,efficiency and industrial structure help to narrow the urban-rural income gap and income gap which the financial development structure worsened.In the last chapter,according to the previous research,policy recommendations about building a comprehensive financial system,strengthening the township enterprises credit supply,strengthening financial innovation,urban and rural development integration,and industrial nurturing agriculture are put forward. |
