| In the third plenary session of 18,central committee of the CPC on several major issues comprehensively deepen reform proposes “Develop Inclusive Finance,encourage financial innovation,rich financial market levels and products.”Central to the development of Inclusive Finance increased to an unprecedented height,but specific implementation to the local,can not make all the residents become the audience of Inclusive Finance.Women and other vulnerable groups in some areas are excluded from the formal financial system,and can not loans to ease the negative impact of income from bank.The reason of this kind of credit restriction is the female self cultural level,the income level or other factors,or merely because of the sex and the credit discrimination,it is worth to carry on the further research.So this paper use the combination of questionnaire and field survey,questionnaire survey to collect data for empirical analysis to verify the impact of China's residents credit constrained what are the factors,information obtained through field investigation and give the reason in the process of this question.In this paper,the data collected from two provinces in the eastern and central provinces is the sample,an empirical study on the influence factors of credit constraints.By descriptive statistics,we found gender and political identity may have a significant impact on credit constraints.In both urban and rural areas,the credit constraints of men are generally less than that of women.we build a model and make multiple regression analysis by collecting the samples collected from the questionnaire,and controlling for other variables that may affect the credit constraints,found that the gender factor significantly disappeared,but education and personal income variables have a strong significant.At the same time that the gender of the overall sample did not have a significant impact on the credit constraints,agricultural accounts and samples of the Henan region showed a different situation,women are subject to significant credit constraints.In addition,political identity,family size,age and personal income will have a certain impact on the credit constraints.And after taking into account the credit constraints of private property on the sample,there are some differences in income factors between urban and rural credit constraints.The proportion of the sample of long-term loans,such as loans and car loans,is higher in urban areas,so the bank is considering the individual income factors that represent short-term income,also be investigated to represent the long-term income of private property.But in the rural area,the sample itself has a lower demand for long-term loans,loans are often used for emergency or for working capital,so banks in the examination and approval of loans more attention to personal income,the impact of private property on credit constraints is not that significant.So this paper draws a conclusion that the difference of the influencing factors of the credit constraint is not only the gender factor.But the effect of gender on credit constraints is different between urban and rural areas and between the East and the West,women in rural areas of central and western regions will be subject to more obvious credit constraints.Therefore,it is necessary to provide a special small loan business for women who have credit needs but are excluded from the formal financial institutions.Because our country existing to provide small loans to women are organized by the women's Federation LED,lacks of professional,the approval process is simple,so this paper suggests the establishment of professional small loan institutions to promote the operation of women's organizations microfinance project operation to institutional transformation,so as to the orderly development of Inclusive Finance.At the same time,strengthen the promotion of financial literacy in rural areas,improve the economic status of women in rural areas of central and western regions,to ease the credit constraints caused by gender. |
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