An Investigation Of The "Last Mile" Delivery Modes Based On E-Commerce

With the development of internet,consumption concept and shopping mode has a great change in the last few years,online shopping has become an integral part of our life.In 2015,the population of China's online shoppers was more than 41 million,and the trade size of online shopping reached 3.8 trillion yuan,up 36.2%than last year.The delivery of commodities plays an important role in online shopping.China's express industry has a fast development,but it is difficult to meet the needs of e-commerce for the express industry,especially the "last-mile" delivery.Because its' high cost,low efficiency and harshly impacts on environment,the "last-mile" delivery has become one of the bottleneck of e-commerce's development.Worse,the common problems existing in delivery,such as late delivery and fail delivery bring higher cost,lower efficiency and more harshly impacts on environment.So,it is essential to find a reasonable "last-mile"delivery mode which can solve the problem above.According to the situation of the"last-mile" delivery,this paper makes a research for the "last-mile" home delivery mode in China,aiming at providing a reference for the development of the "last-mile"delivery in China.The main work of this paper is as follows.Firstly,this paper studies the distribution of the "last-mile" delivery of e-commerce in China,and points out the main problems.Subsequently,this paper summarizes the foreign mature e-commerce "last-mile" delivery mode,and analyzes its characteristics and distribution process.Based on the above research,this paper summarizes several common "last-mile" delivery mode,establishes a distribution model of various delivery modes.Then the various distribution patterns are compared and analyzed qualitatively according to the delivery models.Next,this paper constructs the "last mile" delivery cost model based on the qualitative research.Then,this paper selects specific examples and simulates the distribution path using GAAA algorithm.According to the distribution path,the costs of various "last-mile" delivery modes are compared and analyzed.Finally,this paper constructs the GHG emission model of the "last mile"delivery modes and calculates the GHG emission of various delivery modes in two different regions.Combining with the distribution of two regions,this paper studies the impact of the quantity of delivery on the effect of new delivery mode on decreasing the GHG emissions.Aiming at the problem of "last mile" home delivery in e-commerce,a numerical example is used to carry out quantitative analysis in this paper.Based on the example in this paper,the calculation results show thatAbout the distribution cost,?)for the express company,self-delivery box mode can reduce the distribution cost significantly by 64.9%to 70.2%,compared with the traditional distribution mode however the pick-up point delivery mode makes an ineffectual effort to reducing the distribution cost and even increases the cost of express company.?)For customers,both self-delivery box mode and pick-up point delivery mode can decrease the cost of picking up express availably,compared with the traditional distribution mode.The pick-up point delivery mode,where the subway station is pick-up point,can reduce the cost most by 88.8%.The proportion of reduction in the self-delivery box mode can reach 67.6%.?)For the total distribution cost in picking up and delivering express,both self-delivery box mode and pick-up point delivery mode can decrease the overall cost in "the last kilometer" remarkably.With the increase of the failure in the first delivery,more cost can be decreased under the self-delivery box mode and pick-up point delivery mode.The pick-up point delivery mode can decrease the total cost by 75.3%at most.The self-delivery box mode can reduce the total cost by 74.8%at most.About greenhouse gas emissions,?)Additional greenhouse gas emissions caused by the failure of the first time delivery is the main reason of massive greenhouse gas emissions in traditional delivery model.Moreover,it causes the total greenhouse gas emissions increased by up to 94.7%.?)Both pick-up point delivery mode and self-delivery box delivery mode can reduce the greenhouse gas emissions in the"last-mile" delivery effectively,pick-up point delivery mode can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 39.6%and self-delivery box delivery mode can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 66.0%.In addition,with the increase of the number of orders,decrement of greenhouse gas emissions by the two kinds of delivery modes also increased.And the decreased percentage of greenhouse gas emissions in self-delivery box delivery mode increase faster than pick-up point delivery mode with the increase of the number of orders.