The Measurement And Influencing Factors Of The Separation Of Residence-employment In Megacities In China

In this paper,by reviewing the literature,the author established a research framework,especially the factors of separation problems are summarized and concluded.On the basis of the previous literature,refining related factors to analyze the effect of living-employment mismatch respectively from the macro and micro two dimensions,the paper tries to analyze the factors of the sixteen big city living-employment mismatch from the macro level,and from the micro level respectively with the panel data regression analysis method paper analyzes the housing and employment from empirical factors analysis method and cross section data in Beijing and Shanghai,then finally draw conclusions and policy recommendations.Research results:1 From the theoretical point of view:The influence factors of separation of living and working can be classified as macro and micro factors.In macro factors,include institutional changes of city process factors,economic development factors,industrial structure adjustment factors,the progress of science and technology factors.Among them,the economic development and industrial structure have impact on the location of employment,the process of urbanization has impact on the location of the living,and scientific and technological progress is the main factor linked to traffic facilitation.In addition,the institutional change is not included in the empirical research model of Beijing and Shanghai.In the micro factors,including four aspects:personal attributes,economic employment characteristics,living characteristics,traffic characteristics.The individual social attributes include gender,age,education,marital status and employment;economic characteristics such as income level,occupation type;housing characteristics include housing types,housing area,residence and other factors surrounding resources;traffic characteristics include traffic convenience degree.The traffic resource factors,price factors,housing type and residence near conditions are important factors influencing the residential location,but personal factors,gender,education,marriage,age indirectly affect the employment and residence by income,the channel resources around residential location.Finally,the income factors have influence on the location choice of employment and residence.In the view of residence and job separation effect,the separation of living and working factors include system reform factors,city urbanization factors,to strengthen the level of economic development factors,the law of industrial development factors,scientific and technological progress factor,education factor and income factor,the sex ratio of holdings factors,household factors,factors of house prices and housing type factors,environmental factors,private residence around the green transportation;uncertain factors influencing on the separation of living and working include marriage,age and family structure factors,occupation factors,resource factors surrounding residence.2 From the results of empirical analysisFor Beijing,the better environment,the more convenient traffic,the higher the rate of household population accounted for more than the administrative area,the residence employment mismatch tends to change to more than 1 of the population aged 0-14,and the higher the proportion of the total wages of employees,the higher the proportion of the population second proportion of output value,the output value of third is higher than the proportion of the administrative area,the residence employment mismatch tends to change to the direction of less than 1.For Shanghai,adolescents(0-19 years old),the higher the proportion,the residence employment mismatch tends to change to more than 1,while the GDP ratio is higher,the degree of mismatch of housing and employment is more inclined to the direction of change to less than 1.The regression results compared with Beijing and Shanghai we can find their common point,there are many factors,economic development and industrial structure have very important influence on the separation of living and working,closely related to the employment location choice and of the residents of the region’s economic development and industrial structure.The guiding significance for the government to solve the separation of work and residence is that it is very important to coordinate the economic development and industrial structure of each region to solve the problem of separation of residence and occupation.From the differences between Beijing and Shanghai,greening,transportation,residence and other factors of Beijing for duty to live isolated phenomenon is more significant for the city of Shanghai,these factors were not high,the reason may be a small amount of data in Shanghai,on the other hand may lie Shanghai in these factors on the coordination of each administrative region is doing better,and these factors were not high,the Beijing municipal government to solve the separation of living and working guidance is:should be green,transportation,household registration and other aspects of the coordination of regional development and regulation,so that we can more effectively solve post separation.