The Empirical Analysis Of Macro-factors Of Residence-employment Spatial Mismatch In Chinese Cities

In recent years,with the evolution of the former urban system and the spatial reconstruction of urban cities in China,there have been great changes in the spatial relationship between employment and residences,which brings about such urban problems as traffic congestion,increased commute costs,environmental degradation,increased commuting costs,the widening gap between rich and poor which results from unequal employment opportunities,etc.Therefore,analyzing the present situation of the overall space mismatch between residential and employment in China cities and its influencing factors,and raising the optimization strategy for the spacial relationship between residence and employment,is gradually becoming the focus of the academic minds and government departments.Based on the basic theory of urban spatial relationship between residential and employment,the following methods are used to further the study:Firstly,the paper used the the spatial mismatch index to calculate the spacial mismatch between residential and employment in China,and analyzed its characteristics in detail,revealing the present situation of the spacial mismatch between residential and employment in China.Secondly,with the method of mathematical statistics,this paper made an empirical study on the influencing factors of urban residential-employment spatial mismatch by constructing multiple regression model.Finally,according to the factors influencing the mismatch of residence-employment space,this paper discussed the optimization strategy of spatial relationship between residence and employment from three aspects:policy system,planning layout and personal attribute.It is found that the problem of spatial mismatch between residence-and employment has already existed in China and the degree of spatial mismatch in different cities has a far discrepancy.The factors that affect the relationship between urban residence and employment in China mainly include:population and labor force,urban land resources,industry and comprehensive economy,rail transit and municipal public utilities and education,preference,institutional reform,etc.The strategy of optimizing the mismatch of residence and employment in China is as follows:the optimization of policy system,the optimization of planning and layout,and the optimization of individual attribute.