| With the progress of urbanization,industrialization,agricultural modernization and land remediation,the use of rural residential area is also changing.At present,there are still scattered,chaotic and empty phenomena in the country homestead.The development of rural settlements is due to the lack of overall system planning and guidance,which leads to the lack of effective supervision and standardization of land use and low land use efficiency.Through the orderly development of urban and rural construction land to increase and decrease the hook and land remediation,we can optimize the urban and rural land use layout and structure,improve land quality and efficiency,reasonable arrangements for agricultural and rural areas,improve rural living environment,while strengthening rural infrastructure and public facilities services,to promote the new rural construction and new urbanization development.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to carry out the research on the spatial variation of rural settlements and analyze the characteristics of rural residential land change in the background of the construction of new socialist countryside and the planning of land remediation.This paper takes Hun Chun City as the research area,takes the spatial and temporal changes of rural residential areas as the research object,and analyzes the spatial and temporal changes of rural settlements in Hun Chun City from 2009 to 2015 by using GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics Through the mathematical statistics method,the paper studies the change of land size between the scale of the whole rural residential area and each township in Hun Chun.The model of gravity center is introduced to analyze the spatial and temporal change of path of rural residents in Hun Chun City.Study on the spatial variation of rural settlements in Hun Chun by using spatial kernel density model and spatial agglomeration model.Use the landscape pattern index to further clarify the spatial distribution pattern and the changing trend of rural settlements in Hun Chun City from 2009 to 2015.Finally,we use the method of buffer analysis to analyze the influence of factors such as elevation,slope,river,road,administrative station and policy on the spatial change of rural residential area.The conclusions are as follows:(1)From the scale of change,from 2009 to 2015 Hun Chun rural residential land area and per capita land area are on the rise,while the rural residential areas accounted for the proportion of land for construction decreased.2009-2015 Hun Chun rural residential area increased by 687.78hm2,rural residential area to reduce the area of 44.06hm2,with the net increase of 643.72 hm2.At the village level,the increase of rural settlements is mainly scattered,but the whole is concentrated in the southwestern part of Hun Chun;the reduction of rural settlements is smaller,mainly distributed with the northern part of the urban area and the International Cooperation Demonstration Zone.At the township level,there are spatial differences in the spatial distribution,area change and variation range of rural settlements in different towns of Hun Chun.(2)From the path change point of view,the increase center of gravity move to the south-east with the migration of 2118.48 m from 2009 to 2015,the decrease center of gravity move to the northeast with the migration of 4334.69 m.(3)From the point of view of spatial change,the spatial density of rural settlements in Hun Chun City is estimated at 6.71 per km2,8.86 per km2.The results show that the distribution of nuclear density in the area of rural areas in some areas has increased significantly.The distribution of nuclear density in 2009 and 2015 has a similar distribution pattern,and the nuclear density is densely characterized in the southwest,but sparse in the north,south and east.Compared with 2009,the nuclear density of high-value area in 2015 to expand,and the high value of the area than in 2009 were clustered and continuous distribution trend.(4)From the perspective of global spatial agglomeration,the General G values of rural settlements in Hun Chun in 2009 and 2015 are positive,z scores are greater than 2.58,p values are less than 0.01,indicating that the scale of rural residential area in Hun Chun City in 2009 and 2015 showed high value aggregation characteristics globally.From the hot point of view,2009-2015 "hot" and "cold" are reduced,and the hot spot significantly reduced.Compared with the density map and the hotspot map of Hun Chun city in 2009 and 2015,it is found that the rural settlements in Hun Chun have high density large-scale spatial agglomeration distribution and low density small-scale clustering distribution characteristics."Hot spots" area in 2009-2015 to the southwest of the concentration,indicating that Hun Chun large-scale agglomeration of rural settlements to the southwest concentrated trend is obvious.(5)From the spatial pattern,it can be seen from the calculation of the landscape index that the land area of Hun Chun rural residential land has increased year by year and the land is sparsely used.The number of land increases and the average size decreases and the degree of agglomeration is low.The shape of the land is more regular,almost to square and has certain stability.The spatial layout is characterized by a small number of patches per unit area,but small-scale agglomeration distribution.(6)From the influencing factors of the change of rural settlements,natural factors,regional factors and political factors have an impact on the change of rural residential area.More than 90% of the rural settlements are located in the plains with elevation of less than 200 m.More than 90% of the rural settlements are located in the range of 0°~6°.More than 70% of the rural settlements are located within 2 km of the river.There are no major changes in the spatial characteristics of rural settlements,such as low elevation,low gradient directivity,near rivers,and near road distribution.For the road,the influence of the feeder line on the area change of the rural area is greater than that of the trunk line,and the feeder line is a more stable consideration for the settlement of the farmers.The characteristics of the attracting and gathering of rural residents in administrative stations have been revealed.On the policy factors,the impact of the construction land zoning on the distribution of rural settlements is obvious.Nearly 90% of the rural settlements are located in the area allowing the construction area,and the area with the largest change is also concentrated in allowing the construction area. |
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