Research On The Cost Rules And Regulations Of China Urban Rail Transit

Urban rail transit has a very obvious scale economic characteristics,which is embodied in the role of rail transit in the scale of the road network,the greater the coverage,the higher the traffic efficiency.As a provider of government public service,urban rail transit operators have a lot of social benefits,which are embodied in the fare pricing policy.Double restricted rail fare regulated by the government and public affordability,rail fares generally use the public oriented pricing mechanism under the government led by the government,chaired a hearing,and to a certain extent to the ground transportation price as a reference,so the city subway prices generally at a low level,passenger revenue is generally not is the operation cost,difficult to maintain the normal operation of the subway cost,thus forming a loss.How to achieve profitability is a common problem of urban rail transit enterprises,but also a problem of concern to the local government.From the perspective of a constantly increasing urbanization,increase public transportation passenger flow,through the network operation,the formation of scale and to increase income;on the other hand,to ensure the normal operation of city rail transportation enterprises through government subsidies to protect.International practice is to be carried out by the government of the urban rail transport enterprises in the settlement of the loss of financial subsidies.In the past,in support of national finance,arranged a lot of money for its special subsidies,has played an important role in the development and perfection of these funds in the rail transportation,but to make up for the loss of subsidies simple methods,along with the city rail transit scale increases,the amount of government subsidies increased exponentially,exposed enterprises subsidies for growing dependence,lack of incentive and restraint mechanism of government enterprises and other issues in the practical application.In order to improve the efficiency of government subsidies from the angle of city rail transit fare subsidies,cost,establishing a linkage mechanism of the purpose,objectives,operation basis and core requirement analysis,based on analyzing the cost of rail transport pricing and subsidy three properties and mutually relation,put forward the construction of linkage mechanism and model the application method,the formulation and implementation of the linkage mechanism of subsidy management policy based on the industry for the government management departments,support related theories and methods.In order to solve the externality and its theoretical basis,through the analysis of different financing modes of rail transportation under the investment returns and different operational stages of standard cost and constraint conditions with the subsidy policy,design scientific and reasonable cost range and standard,put forward to establish cost regulation based on incentive mechanism are given in different under the situation of appropriate subsidies mode,taking Nanjing Metro as an example,in-depth analysis of operation situation and problems faced by the Nanjing subway operation cost calculation of economic regulation,the formation of government subsidies for specific recommendations,the establishment of subsidies for the reason,responsibility,objectives and principles,at the same time,in order to provide necessary operating subsidies in line with social interests and actively guide enterprises through market-oriented means,innovative business model,improve operational efficiency,to promote rail transportation.The healthy development of the industry.