On The Situation And The Determinants Of Employment Quality Of The Manufacturing Migrant Workers

The employment of migrant workers not only includes the quantity and structure of employment,but also should include the quality of employment.The quality of the employment of migrant workers affects their living conditions,the ability to settle in the city,the identity of the urban society and the formation of citizenization desire,which plays an important role in stabilizing society and the development of urbanization.The quality of employment has become a key issue in the implementation of active employment policy.The Party and the state have always been valuing the quality of employment.As the driving force of China’s economic growth and development,the manufacturing industry has absorbed a large number of migrant workers.At present,China’s economy has entered into the new normal of medium-high-level growth.Chinese manufacturing industry is facing a enormous challenge.As a result,migrant workers may face the risk of unemployment,and the quality of employment may be challenged.Therefore,it is necessary to evaluate the employment quality of the manufacturing migrant workers and study the factors that affect it’s employment quality.Firstly,this paper constructs the evaluation index system of employment quality of manufacturing migrant workers,providing the basis for the evaluation.Secondly,based on the survey data of Fuzhou,Xiamen and Quanzhou,this paper estimate the employment quality of manufacturing migrant workers by using descriptive statistical analysis and factor analysis method.The evaluation results show that the current employment quality of manufacturing migrant workers is gloomy.The concrete behavior is as follows:comparatively low wages,disharmonious enterprise labor relations,low signing rate of labor contracts,small social insurance coverage,work intensity,work overtime and wage arrears phenomenon from time to time,more frequent job replacement,uncertain career prospects,impossible to get a raise or promotion,unsatisfactory employment.Then,on this foundation,This paper empirically studies the factors that affect it’s employment quality by using multiple linear regression analysis.It found that manufacturing migrant workers’individual characteristics,human capital,social capital,enterprise characteristics and policy environment have an affect on its employment quality.In terms of individual characteristics,age has a positive impact on employment quality of manufacturing migrant workers,but marital status and registered permanent residence are negatively correlation with it.In the aspect of human capital,the degree of education and health have significant positive impact on employment quality of manufacturing migrant workers.In social capital,the more people help to introduce work,the better the employment quality of manufacturing migrant workers will be.The migrant workers whose friend is a enterprise leader have a better employment quality.In terms of enterprise characteristics,gender restrictions affect employment quality of manufacturing migrant workers.The employment quality of migrant workers who have not suffered from gender restrictions is relatively high.In the policy environment,The awareness of migrant workers’ employment policy on the construction site and the evaluation of the government to protect the legal right of migrant workers have an impact on the employment quality.Finally,in order to improve the employment quality of manufacturing migrant workers,this paper put forward the following policy recommedations:expanding the coverage of social insurance,increasing migrant workers’ human capital investment,creating a favorable policy environment,strengthening manufacturing enterprise social responsibility.