Study On Tourism Carrying Capacity Of Forest Park In Hainan Province

As a very unique new tourism style,forest tourism has great environmental,economic and social benefits.Forest tourism carrying capacity research is an important tool for forest tourism development planning and management.Forest Park is the most important position in the development of forest tourism,has become an important tourist destination.Therefore,to correctly evaluate the tourism carrying capacity of forest parks is very important to realizing the efficient operation and management of forest tourism under the framework of sustainable development,and it also provides decision-making basis for forest tourism resources development and environmental protection,and promotes forest tourism sustainable development.In this paper,we firstly summarized the relevant concepts,definitions,and composition and evaluation methods of forest tourism carrying capacity by combing the relevant literatures.Secondly,the tourism carrying capacity was evaluated by combined with field survey and questionnaire based on the theory of forest tourism carrying capacity evaluation in a national and a county-level forest park as two cases,specifically for Hainan Qixianling Hot Spring National Forest Park(QXLFP)and Sanya Yalong Bay Tropical Paradise Forest Park(YLWFP).Finally,we proposed some measures to control overload forest parks in Hainan province by combined with the theoretical research and empirical case study.In addition,it also give some suggests for some low load forest parks in Hainan province.The results show that:(1)Tourism space carrying capacity: according to the terrain characteristics and layout pattern of the QXLFP and YLWFP,the space bearing capacity is measured by the linear model.The space carrying capacity of the QXLFP and YLWFP was 2765 and 10000 persons,respectively;the daily reasonable space carrying capacity was 8295 and 20000 persons,respectively.(2)Tourism economic carrying capacity: according to the results of the sample survey of tourists,the number of parking spaces and the number of toilets were selected to evaluate the carrying capacity of the scenic area facilities.The instantaneous facility carrying capacity of the QXLFP and YLWFP was 109 and 284 vehicles,respectively.The reasonable facilities carrying capacity of the QXLFP and YLWFP was 6650 and 8746 persons,respectively.The public toilet facilities carrying capacity of the QXLFP and YLWFP was 5100 and 24000 persons,respectively.Therefore,the reasonable economic carrying capacity of two forest parks were 5100 and 8746 persons,respectively.(3)Tourism social carrying capacity: two case scenic areas are far away from the urban areas and forest tourism activities did not have adversely affected,instead of benefits for the local social and economic development.Hence,the psychological carrying capacity of the residents can be regarded as unlimited.The psychological carrying capacity of the tourists was calculated by four aspects of feelings,specifically for the visual,auditory,tactile and action.The instantaneous tourists' psychological carrying capacity of the QXLFP and YLWFP was 1525 and 9721 persons,respectively.The reasonable tourists' psychological carrying capacity of two cases was 4575 and 19442 persons in one day,respectively.The optimization instantaneous tourists' psychological carrying capacity of two cases was 730 and 1968 persons,respectively.The optimization tourists' psychological carrying capacity of two cases was 2190 and 3936 persons in one day,respectively.(4)Comparative analysis of two cases: from the perspective of tourism space carrying capacity,the tourism space carrying capacity of the QXLFP and YLWFP is quite different,mainly due to the layout pattern of scenic area,the layout of tour route and the direction of tour route.From the tourist facilities carrying capacity,the QXLFP was significantly worse than the YLWFP,which was mainly affected by the assessment time of 4A level scenic,and the development period of the QXLFP was late and it lack of investment in basic facilities.The psychological carrying capacity of the residents has not yet become a restrictive factor in the development of the QXLFP and YLWFP.The psychological carrying capacity of the tourists is quite different,especially the difference between the appropriate psychological carrying capacity.Mainly due to the two scenic spots of tourists have different ways of travel,in the purpose of travel;stay time is also significantly different,different degree of visitor satisfaction.(5)Countermeasures and recommendations: based on tourism carrying capacity measurements and comparative analysis for the two cases,for the forest park tourism carrying capacity regulation.On the one hand,by enhancing the maximum capacity of scenic areas,including increased space and facilities carrying capacity and enhances the residents and tourists psychological carrying capacity.On the other hand,establishment of tourist flow control system,including the government external system and scenic control system.