The Farmer's Technology Adoption And Distribution Of Technology Dividends

In recent years,China agricultural has achieved magnificient results,because it has solved the basic food and clothing problem of the most populous country in the world.But at the same time,agricultural science and technology conversion rate is low,it should be on behalf of the modern hard metrics which has greatly influenced the agricultural fundamentals.The concept of "science and technology is the first productive force" means that farmers can not be ignored,how to effectively adopt agricultural new technology and how to efficiently benefit from technology usage.The purport of this essay is proven the relationship between the farmer's technology adoption and the distribution of technology dividends.This paper firstly reviews the five categories about the literatures of technology adoption,these studies are the result of external explanation combining with simple internal exploration,thus these literatures have their different omissions,in general,they ignore the complex relational structure and technical structure which are belong to farmers,thus it lacks of explanatory power,and unable to answer the Rogers problem:whether technology extension benefits farmers,or it pushes farmers out of agriculture.Therefore,it needs to be returned to the problem on the research question.Technology's classic definition by Karl Marx is "the technology itself" and "technology application" two aspects.Technology adoption refers to a process of farmers using innovative technology,and the distribution of technology dividends is a process distributing the increasing income which is due to technical progress,but Yujiro Hayami-Vernon W.Ruttan and James Scott have different idea about it,so we need to use a empirical case to analysis technology adoption and the distribution of dividends in the embodiment of the Rogers problem.This study is to explore the above content with the method of literature analysis combined with qualitative research.Qualitative research is based on in-depth interview and participant observation which are about rural farmers X and Y,and as long as six months.The township of the nursery stock has two neighbor villages where X and Y live,collectively known as T village.Two people have different seedling production modes,different experiences and different outlooks.The comparative analysis and the combinative analysis between two people are beneficial to reveal the generated technology process in the village.Past market system research outside of the transaction cost research is given priority to network analysis,including two categories:ordinary relationship network and patron-client relations network,but the two analyses can't colligate rational cost standards and normative order principle,thus this study try to show the possibility of this colligation in T village's experience.X and Y has experienced three big technology paradoxes:the differentiation paradox,the diffusion paradox and the sensitivity paradox,from these paradoxes we can see three kinds of social facts,separately:"local knowledge and its social integration","reciprocal and embedded rational system" and "elastic boundary permeability".These facts solve the specific technology adoption behavior problems about "how to effectively recognize stabilization cost","how to rational measure stabilization cost" and "how to flexible run stabilization cost",so stabilization cost decreases gradually.Farmers who accept the new agricultural technology enter into the access threshold,the accumulation threshold,and the competition threshold which are rising in turn in informal institutions of the market,in turn.They turn to ensure the profit of production and sales,and profit far away from embezzlement by stabilization cost.The whole technology process can be expressed like this,technology adoption promotes distribution of technology dividends by the farmer who decreases stabilization cost,and bring him into suitable position of distribution structure.But,technology adoption destroyes distribution of technology dividends by the farmer who increases stabilization cost.In a word,technology adoption correspondingly affects distribution of technology dividends through farmer how to run stabilization cost.So,people accept new technology,then they face with stabilization costs rising or falling and their relationship network is blocked or unobstructed,the corresponding results are damaged or profitable.This is the process of technology adoption influencing the distribution of dividends.Through using the innovative concept of stabilization cost can describe clearly on the empirical content of T village experience which is outside of neoinstitutional economics and new economic sociology.In conclusion,through literature analysis and qualitative research,this study is to find out the relationship between technology adoption behavior and the distribution of dividends,and also for the reconstruction and recriticism of market economics.Both are the goal,are also a process,and are the origin for further research from this paper.