| The total national primary energy consumed in 2015 was 4.3 billion tons of standard coal,which increased by 0.9% compared with that consumed in the previous year.The annual growth of primary energy consumption was 3.6% during the twelfth five-year plan,among which the coal consumption accounted for 64% of total energy consumption.The air quality in 265 cities of 338 prefecture-level cities was out of standard,which accounted for 78.4%.Section of water quality(grade IV to grade V)and that of water quality(worse than grade V)accounted for 26.7% and 8.8% respectively in the water quality monitoring of national state-controlled surface water monitoring sections(points).The compliance rate of surface drinking water source was only 92.6% and that of underground drinking water source was only 86.6%.Steel,electroplating,chemical,pharmaceutical,printing and dyeing industries with high energy consumption and high pollution were the main reasons why they were out of standard.The production of glyoxylic acid,an important fine chemical raw material and pharmaceutical intermediate,required high energy consumption and caused great discharges of pollutants,thus it was needed to promote a cleaner production aiming at saving energy,reducing resource consumption,decreasing pollution and increasing efficiency.Three representative glyoxylic acid production enterprises were determined as the research objects in this paper,which considered synthetically the scale of production,geographical distribution,cleaner production level and other factors.To analize these three technical indicators,actual operating parameters,equipment related data and management system and personnel survey,the whole process of glyoxylic acid production enterprises were studied systematically by literature review and field survey,use AHP-fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method,combination weighting-TOPSIS method and with the help of yaahp software establish cleaner production evaluation index system of glyoxylic acid production enterprise and moderate/high cost schemes evaluation indexsystem,study the cleaner production potential of glyoxylic acid production enterprises and obtain the corresponding cleaner production schemes.The main contents are as follows:(1)The evaluation index system of cleaner production for glyoxylic acid production enterprises was constructed in accordance with standard specifications such as 《General Principal for the Compilation of Evaluation Index System of Cleaner Production 》(trial draft)and in combination with the production process characteristics of glyoxylic acid from the quantitative and qualitative point of view.The index system was divided into three levels: target level,criterion level and index level,including six first-level indicators(resource and energy consumption index,resource comprehensive utilization index,pollutant production index,product characteristic index,production technology and equipment index and cleaner production management index)and unit product fresh water consumption,unit product power consumption and other 22 second-level indicators.(2)Combined with the relevant national environmental protection standards,industry access conditions,the advanced level of the industry and other requirements to determine the reference value of the evaluation index.Weights of each index were determined by the method of AHP and the clean production level of the three glyoxylic acid production enterprises(A,B and C)was evaluated by the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method.The comprehensive evaluation scores of the three enterprises were83.36(domestic advanced level),71.23(domestic general level)and 72.55(domestic general level).(3)The problems of cleaner production of the three enterprises were observed as per the comprehensive evaluation results of clean production.Whole-process analysis on raw material and excipients,energy,technical process,equipment,process control,waste,management and staffs was conducted to find out the cause of the problems,discover cleaner production potential,and put forward a total of 31 corresponding cleaner production programs for each enterprise,including 24 no/low cost schemes,7moderate/high cost schemes.(4)Clean production moderate/high cost schemes evaluation index system,which includes technical index,economic index and environmental index 3 first-level indicators and maturity of the technology,total investment cost,pollutant reduction rate and other 11second-level indicators was established according to the construction principles of the index system of cleaner production evaluation.According to the index system,the moderate/high cost scheme is analyzed from three aspects: technology,economy and environment,and the specific data corresponding to each index are obtained.Weights of index were determined by combination weighting method and a comprehensive analysis on seven moderate/high cost scheme include psa oxygen making machine(P9),improvement of waste gas treatment process(P17),variable frequency motor instead of ordinary motor(P18),MVR evaporator instead of existing evaporator(P20),boiler improvement(P27),improvement of wastewater treatment process(28),circulating water system reform(P31)was conducted by TOPSIS method.Finally,schemes for clean production in glyoxylic acid production enterprises were summarized from the proposed clean production subprogram,with source control,process control,end-of-pipe treatment and whole-process control as the main line and comprehensive consideration of the commonality of glyoxylic acid production enterprises,in which no/low cost schemes should be implemented immediately when the problems appear in the enterprise,moderate/high cost schemes should be implemented in accordance with the comprehensive ranking results(P9﹤P18﹤P27﹤P28﹤P31﹤P17﹤P20)taking into account the economic conditions and the implementation effect of the enterprise. |
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