Comparative Study On International Competitiveness Of Chinese And Japanese New Energy Vehicles

With the decrease of oil reserves and the deterioration of environment,the new energy vehicle industry is becoming the concerns of all the countries in the world.With the purpose of Zero Emission,the world's major vehicle manufacturers are making efforts to the R&D and application of new energy vehicles.Although China's new energy vehicle industry is developed a little later than that of some developed countries,it has made great achievements armed with the vast domestic market and advantages in resources.After more than 10 years'development,the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China ranked first in the world in 2015.However,in the international market,China's new energy vehicles haven't made well prepared for fierce competition.Thus,how to improve international competitiveness of China's new energy vehicles is an urgent issue needed to be discussed and solved.The paper has six chapters.The first part is introduction,which includes the background,significance,literature review,research methods and content.This part makes the cushion to the later analysis.As an important industry related to the people's livelihood,the automobile industry has received extensive attention and attention.Traditional cars have played an important role in the development of human society but they have also brought many problems that cannot be ignored at the same time.Therefore,all countries have turned their attention to new energy vehicles,hoping that it will become a new economic growth point.The development of new energy vehicles can not only achieve the goal of sustainable development and low carbon development,but also can improve the national competitiveness and promote the development of other industries.The new energy vehicle industry started late,so there is a small amount of related literature and the literature about its international competitiveness is very few.The second chapter firstly introduces the definition and classification of new energy vehicles,which is conducive to the analysis later.Secondly,the advantages and disadvantages in the development of the new energy vehicle industry are summarized.The advantages of developing new energy vehicle industry are:first,governments increase the support for new energy vehicles,including heavy subsidies for new energy vehicles,the establishment of new energy vehicle industry demonstration zone and good system environment for the development of new energy vehicles.Second,faced with soaring prices of gasoline,consumers are more sensitive to the price of gasoline,so it can be said that the development of new energy vehicles is a necessary product of human progress.Third,in order to cope with the situation of energy shortage,many domestic automobile manufacturers are devoted to the research of fuel cell electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles.The disadvantages lie in three aspects.First,people have not reached a consensus on several key issues.Second,key technology of new energy vehicles is not mature,which lacks technological innovation and cannot achieve a breakthrough in the technical field of new energy vehicles.Third,the prices of new energy vehicles are much higher than traditional cars.Then,the theoretical basis,SWOT analysis model and Potter diamond model are introduced.In this paper,Potter diamond model is used to compare and analyze the development of new energy vehicle industry in China and Japan,and the SWOT model is used to compare and analyze the representative enterprises in the new energy vehicle industry.The third part analyzes the present situation of the new energy vehicle industry in China and Japan.This part starts with the history of the new energy vehicles' development in two countries,and then expounds the state quo of the industry.China's new energy vehicle industry started late,but it has rapid development in recent years.Since China became the world's largest car seller in 2009,China has aimed at powerful country in automobile industry.In 2015 and 2016,China ranked first in the production and sales of new energy vehicle.New energy vehicles in the future will gradually replace the traditional conventional power vehicles,which is an opportunity to adjust the structure of China's auto industry and break the original pattern of the international industry to achieve "curve overtaking".Therefore,under the support of government policies,China's new energy vehicles have a strong momentum of development.China took Beijing Olympic Games,Shanghai World Expo,Guangdong Asian Games as opportunities to develop new energy vehicle in the public transport field first,followed by private sector.In the aspects of vehicle matching,technical research and consumer market,Chinese new energy vehicles have made great progress.That is to say,in terms of enterprises,technology and market,China has made breakthroughs.At present,domestic car manufacturers have the development plan of new energy vehicles.Japan began to develop new energy vehicles from the 60s of last century,and its technology has been in the forefront of the world.At the same time,Japan is seeking new directions for the development of new energy vehicles.There are both similarity and difference in the two countries' development of new energy vehicles:both countries pay attention to the industrial-academic cooperation,and give priority to the development of infrastructure.But in terms of government support and subsidies,Japanese government's efforts are obviously greater.The fourth chapter is the main part of the paper.This part is a comprehensive analysis of the new energy vehicle industry and enterprises in China and Japan based on the diamond model and the SWOT model.First of all,this paper takes production factors,demand factors,related and supporting industries,enterprise strategy,organization,competition state and the role of government as points to conduct the research.China is rich in natural resources and this is an important advantage in the development of new energy vehicles.At the same time,compared with Japan,China has greater demand for new energy vehicles,so there is a larger market.Japan is in aging society,and the main purchasers of new energy vehicles are young and middle-aged people,so the demand for new energy vehicles is weak.It is the lack of congenital conditions that makes Japan strengthen the research and support of new energy vehicles.In terms of enterprise competition and related industries,both China and Japan attach great importance to them,and domestic competitions in both countries are becoming increasingly fierce.As for the analysis of the representative enterprises in both countries,this paper selects BYD in China and Toyota in Japan,and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the two enterprises as well as the opportunities and challenges they are facing.As the leader of China's electric vehicles,BYD has absolute advantages in battery technology,but it still suffers threats from many domestic competitors.Toyota,as one of the world's first batch of enterprises to develop new energy vehicles,has accumulated a lot of experience,and now is contributing to the development of the hydrogen energy vehicles.In the fifth part,according to the above analysis,the defects in overall development strategy,R&D,market cultivation and infrastructure construction of new energy vehicle are put forward.Then the author gives some suggestions including establishing the criterion system;coordinating government intervention and market mechanism;improving consumer's awareness to new energy vehicles and cultivating and skilled and inter-disciplinary talents.The sixth part is the conclusion that provides the major findings.It is found that China's new energy vehicles are in the early stages of development and have great potential.Although Chinese new energy vehicles started late and there are also some problems that can't be ignored,Chinese new energy vehicles have an edge on international competitiveness compared with Japan.China should learn from the Japan's successful experience to expand competitive advantages.The target of the paper is to improve the international competitiveness of China's new energy vehicle by comparing the international competitiveness of Chinese and Japanese new energy vehicle.