Research On The Relationship Between Labor Cost And Technology Innovation

Since the reform and opening up,Chinese manufacturing industry has actively integrated into the international value chain,and achieved rapid economic growth.But relying on the cheap labor force for a long time ignores the importance of technological progress.For a long time,relying on technology introduction and neglecting technological innovation has fallen into a vicious circle of "Introduction-backwardness-Introduction and backwardness".Since twenty-first Century,the rising cost of labor becomes a reality,with OEM as the main mode of Chinese foundry enterprises lack the ability of independent innovation gradually lose the advantage,how to change the competitive advantage towards "manufacturing power" has become a hot problem.Despite the pressure of labor cost based on the part of the enterprise,in order to save labor and from being out of the market.to realize the importance of technological innovation,but R&D investment,long payback period and financial problems restrict the innovation activities of enterprises,especially the small and medium-sized enterprise development activities is very difficult to reach the best level of research and development labor costs,to encourage technical innovation due to the lack of R&D investment affected.Relative to the cost of material consumption,labor cost can be seen as a"positive cost" to promote technological progress in China’s manufacturing industry,transformation and upgrading.In recent years,academia has also agreed that the rising labor costs encourage enterprises to innovate and drive development by innovation.By reading carefully,first of all.most of the existing research there is no difference between the "technology innovation" and "non technology innovation,and innovation that is a static process,the internal mechanism of labor costs is difficult to explain the innovation;secondly,to promote the role of labor cost on technological innovation of enterprises there are differences on this issue in the past.studies generally focus on the enterprise scale,enterprise location features analyzed this phenomenon.Based on this practical problem in our country,this paper begins with a literature review in the second chapter.First of all,at present,the research has been carried out around the rising labor costs and encouraging enterprise innovation.There is no difference between most of the "technology innovation" and "non technology innovation,and innovation as a static process,the internal mechanism of labor costs is difficult to explain the innovation;secondly,to explore the relationship between labor cost and enterprise technology innovation in the existing research generally from the enterprise scale,enterprise location feature perspective,according to the research perspective less external macro factors,play an important role and the national innovation policy guidance often transformation on the upgrading of manufacturing industry in the process of.Based on the above background and the research status on the basis of the following three questions:(1)to distinguish the introduction of technology,technological innovation,technological progress of the relationship between the three,emphasizing the independent research and development led to the importance of technological innovation,combing the theory of induced technological innovation,"creative destruction" theory,factor substitution theory.On the innovation behavior of rising labor costs is an effective incentive for enterprises to strengthen independent R&D investment to improve the technological innovation performance of enterprises;(2)combined with the national innovation policy and the characteristics of independent research and development,innovation policy relationship influence the labor cost and technological innovation performance;(3)according to the technology intensive industry and technology intensive industry,explore effects of innovation policy differences.In order to achieve the purpose of this study,the study design and empirical analysis in the third and fourth chapter of.First of all,the core issue of this paper based on the research hypothesis and select the manufacturing industry in China from 2001 to 2015 a total of 15 years and 27 industries as the sample data;secondly,selection of new product sales as a proxy for technological innovation performance through regression analysis;finally,choose the patent application number as the substitute variables for the robustness test.The results show that:(1)the labor cost of China’s manufacturing industry is rising,and the difference between industries is increasing gradually.(2)labor cost has a positive effect on technological innovation performance,and this positive effect can be achieved through R&D investment,but R&D investment is not the only path.(3)innovation policy,whether it is financial subsidies or tax incentives for labor costs and technological innovation performance relationship plays a moderating effect,and this regulation is through the intermediary of R&D investment implementation;(4)the innovation policy of financial subsidies moderating effect on the relationship between labor cost and technological innovation performance are different in the technology intensive enterprises and technology intensive enterprises,as enterprises in technology intensive industries,the greater the dependence of the research on their performance in the independent research and development aspects of the better,thus affecting the financial subsidies for labor costs and technological innovation performance.showed a more effective role in promoting.From the research found that labor costs can be used as the "positive cost" of enterprises,and promote the level of R&D investment,thereby enhancing the performance of technological innovation.Summing up the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward policy advice and management inspiration from the macro and micro perspectives.Firstly,in the macro perspective(1)countries should establish a fair environment for innovation.avoid excessive government intervention;(2)to establish the innovation policy,of R&D funds.reduce the uncertainty of research and development activities;(3)to establish the mechanism of labor employment.Secondly.from the microscopic angle,enterprises should(1)strengthen the investment and management of human capital and raise labor productivity;(2)establish the main position of independent innovation and strengthen the ability of independent research and development.