Study On The Problems And Countermeasures Of Chinese Ecological Compensation Of Water Resources In River Basin

Nowadays,the Communist Party and government of China have attached great importance to the protection of ecological environment,carrying out comprehensive environment protection and rectification work which influenced the environmental governance in river basin a lot.In a series of Chinese river basin ecological compensation work,the work which specifically concentrates on water resources is still in the exploration stage.Considering the prominent position of water resources in the whole river basin ecosystem,although the ecological compensation of water resources in river basin is still a new model in ecological compensation area,it is important for the reform and innovation of ecological environment management in China.As the utilization and protection of water resources has some external effect,the excessive utilization of water and deforestation in upper headwater areas may pollute water resources in downstream areas.Finally,in order to solve the problem of pollution,the state finance departments have to allocate subsidies to rectify the river water environment.On the contrary,if upper headwater areas strengthen the protection of water resources and make sure the quality of water resources,they do make a contribution to the maintenance of downstream water environment,however,the heavy burden of protection has become a strong resistance to economic development in upper headwater areas.The limited development and inefficient use of water resources become main reason for the widen gap of economic development between the upstream and downstream,and it is not only easy to cause water right contradictions between two stakeholders,but also environmental pollution and resource waste.Ecological compensation mechanism of water resources in river basin can effectively smooth the relationship of interests between responsibility subjects,and it is an important guarantee to realize the development and comprehensive utilization of resources in river basin.China attaches great importance to ecological compensation of water resources in river basin.There have been various forms of water resources compensation in some areas.First,this paper presents the background,concepts and theories of ecological compensation of water resources in river basin,introducing the current situation of ecological compensation of water resources in river basin at home in detail,and analyzing the problems of Chinese ecological compensation of water resources in river basin.The problems include five aspects:the scope of compensation is small,and the procedures are not standard;mainly basing on the fund compensation and the form of compensation is single;special laws and regulations of compensation are inadequate;a lack of compensation funds and the sources of funds is single;the absence of supervision system and the government "be a judge and an athlete at the same time".Then,it studies the ecological compensation case of water resources which is dominated by local government in Dongjiang River,and comparing it with the practice of foreign river basin ecological compensation,putting forward countermeasures to improve the Chinese ecological compensation of water resources in river basin from an empirical analysis perspective.These countermeasures include:promoting the construction of ecological compensation of water resources in river basin gradually;establishing diversified compensation modes;establishing and improving special laws and related policies;broadening the sources of compensation funds;improving the supervision mechanism of ecological compensation of water resources in river basin.