Protection Strategy Of Longwan Site In Han River Basin To Deal With The Rainstorm Waterlogging Disaster Risk

Global climate change and extreme weather conditions cause infrequent occurrence of natural disasters,such as floods,earthquakes,landslides,mudslides,tsunamis,etc.They also affects the frequency,the spatial range of natural disasters,and the duration of some extreme weather events.The globalization of disasters is almost similar to normal,and it poses new challenges to the protection of cultural heritage.As an important part of cultural heritage,ancient sites are carriers of culture and life of ancient human,which have outstanding universal value and are non-renewable.They carry unique historical information,once damaged,they will not be restored.Rainstorm and waterlogging is the most typical natural disaster in ancient sites.Because ancient sites mostly located below the surface,the soil erosion and the change of groundwater's level caused by the waterlogging have caused inestimable losses to heritage value of the ancient sites.As a new management method to deal with and reduce disaster risk,disaster risk management has been applied to the field of cultural heritage protection,which provides a new way of thinking for the prevention and mitigation of cultural heritage.At the same time,it provides a theoretical basis and method for reducing the loss of cultural heritage value,and a lot of practical works have been carried out.The theoretical part of this paper focuses on the risk of rainstorm and waterlogging of ancient sites,and the theoretical framework,model and main contents of risk assessment have been put forward,and according to the actual risk situation of ancient sites,risk evaluation and protection suggestions have been put forward.Through the research on the risk management of rainstorm waterlogging disaster in ancient sites,this paper provides a theoretical and methodological reference for the realization of natural disaster risk management of cultural heritage,so as to realize prevention,mitigation and sustainable development of cultural heritage.The Longwan site(east of the site)in the Han River Basin is selected as a case on studying the risk assessment of rainstorm waterlogging disasters in ancient sites.Based on flood disaster system theory and natural disaster risk assessment theory,the paper summarized that rainstorm waterlogging disaster risk is a result of the jointaction of disaster causing factors,disaster environment and disaster bearing bodies.Based on the three aspects above,the theoretical framework of rainstorm waterlogging disaster risk assessment in Longwan site have been structured.On this basis,a risk assessment index system of rainstorm waterlogging disasters in Longwan site has been established.AHP was used for determining the weight of disaster causing factors indicators and disaster environment indicators,then spatial analysis function of ArcGIS and Weighted superposition method were used for getting Distribution Map of rainstorm waterlogging disaster at Longwan site(Eastern site).On the other hand,as a disaster bearing body,Longwan site has particularity in selecting vulnerability index,value analysis and scope of protection its vulnerability were selected for characterizing its vulnerability as a disaster bearing body.Finally,the distribution map of hazard risk and the map of the protection range of the site were superimposed to generate the risk map of rainstorm waterlogging disaster of Longwan site(the eastern part of the site).In the corresponding scope of protection,the protection strategy will be put forward through risk level,priority will be given to the protection of high risk and high value sites,and the strategy of disaster prevention and mitigation will be put forward for the protection of ancient sites.