The Study On The Time And Space Differences Of The Environmental Total Factor Productivity (ETFP) In The Urban Agglomeration In The East Of Qinghai Province

Based on Malmquist-Luenberger index method of non-parametric data envelopment analysis(DEA)model,the paper measures and calculates the ETFP of urban agglomeration and its all counties and districts in the east of Qinghai province,and compares the TFP disregarding environmental constraints.On this basis,the analysis and research are made on the time-space evolution characteristics by using the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods,the standard deviation and variation coefficient,ArcGIS spatial visual expression and spatial autocorrelation to draw the following conclusions:(1)From 2000 to 2016,the TFP of urban agglomeration in the east of Qinghai province is increasing,and its annual growth rate is 2.53%.The improvement of the TFP of the eastern urban agglomeration mainly benefits from the technological progress which has great contributions,and the average annual growth rate is 3.17%.The technical efficiency of the eastern urban agglomeration has negative growth and lacks efficient improvement.(2)From 2000 to 2016,in consideration of environmental constraints,the average value of TFP of urban agglomeration in the east of Qinghai province during the most of the years,is lower than that of traditional TFP.Thus,for the urban agglomeration in the east of Qinghai province,the effect of "Porter Hypothesis" is not obvious and it doesn't even appear.Whether considering the TFP under environmental constraints or traditional one,technological progress is the source of the growth of the TFP.When technological progress rate depends on the environmental constraints,this shows that technology of environmental protection needs to be improved during the development of urban agglomeration in the east of Qinghai province.(3)The ETFP in the counties(districts)of urban agglomeration in the east of Qinghai province during 2000-2016 is overall increasing and the patterns of economic development all have changed.The annual increasing speed of the TFP in the eastern urban district,the central urban district,the west urban district,the north urban district Dantong County,and Huzhu County is higher than that of the whole eastern urban agglomeration.The annual increasing speed of the TFP in the Huangzhong County,Huangyuan County,Pingan District,Minhe County,Ledu District is lower than that of the whole eastern urban agglomeration.The improvement of the ETFP in the counties(districts)of urban agglomeration in the east of Qinghai province mainly relies on the progress in environmental technology.On the whole,the annual increasing speed of the ETFP in the counties(districts)is lower than that of the TFP.Thus,"Porter Hypothesis" controlled by environment in the counties(districts)of urban agglomeration in the east of Qinghai province hasn't obtained the initial confirmation.(4)It is overall consistent for county ETFP of urban agglomeration in the east of Qinghai province of the development trends between absolute difference and relative difference.It presents the trend of fluctuation as a whole and has obvious trend of expansion in recent years.The county ETFP has positive spatial autocorrelation and high concentration area is mainly distributed around the city of Xining,including the eastern urban district,the central urban district,the west urban district,the north urban district Dantong County,and Huzhu County.The low concentration areas are mainly distributed in the Haidong city,including Pingan District,Ledu District and Minhe County.The Huzhu County and Huangyuan County have high and low concentration as well as low and high concentration respectively.