Study On Introduction And Cultivation Of Tropical Native Plants

Based on the field work of introduction,cultivation and seed breeding test were carried out on ferns,Melastomaceae plants,Elaeocarpus apiculatus and Sterculia,and the statistics were made on the fruit and seed morphology in the genus of Elaeocarpus.The results are as follows: 1.Introduction and cultivation of fernsThe introduction and cultivation experiments of 18 species of ferns were completed.And draw the following conclusions:(1)There were low survival rate of the introduction of Cibotium barometz,Alsophila spinulosa and Helminthostachys zeylanica;there were high survival rate of Lygodium scandens,Neottopteris nidus and Drynaria quercifolia.(2)The time of introduction was better in spring and autumn.(3)The leaf germination and leaf extension would be extended,if the introduction was made after the leaf extension.but the occurrence time of the sori was not affected.Almost every fern species has a relatively fixed formation of spores.(4)It need more than 10 days from formation to maturation for the spores of some ferns.(5)The sori appeared with the leaf extension for Osmunda vachellii,Alsophila spinulosa and Cyrtomium fortunei.(6)The sporangium has not yet appeared after the introduction for Psilotum nudum,Stenoloma chusanum and Drynaria quercifolia.(7)The ferns grew hardly during the coldest December and January of the year,and did not grow most vigorously during the hottest months of August.2.Introduction and cultivation of Melastomaceae speciesSix species of wild Melastomaceae plants were introduced,5 species of which were successfully cultivated and grew well.3.Morphological characters of fruit and seed of Elaeocarpus,and seed reproduction experiment of Elaeocarpus apiculatusThe fruits in Elaeocarpus species varies in size and shape,such as oblong,oval,ovoid,round,olive and spindle shape.The main colors are green and brown.There are grooves on the majority of endocarp surface.The seed size varies with the fruit,and the surface ornamentation can be divided into mesh shape,particle shape and uplift shape.The results showed that the morphological characteristics of seed plants and fruit has important significance as taxonomic evidence.The skin color has no obvious effect on the seeds germination of Elaeocarpus plants based on the germination rate among the green fruits,half green half brown fruit and brown fruit(41.3%,41.8%,43.1%).Further analysis shows that,the seeds need long time to germinate for Elaeocarpus plants,and their germination abilities are also weak.4.Seed reproduction experiment on Sterculia lanceolataUnder the same outdoor conditions,the seeds with no cracked pericarp had more advantages in the germination rate and early seedling growth than in the pericarp cracked seed.For cracking fruits,the seeds in the indoor cultivation relative to the outdoor cultivation had a higher germination rate,and they appeared rapid growth after 27 D plants.The seeds with average grain size had higher germination rate and better growth advantage in prophase.The best picking time of Sterculia lanceolata is before the end of June.