Ecological Security Assessment Of Water And Soil Resources In Heilongjiang Province

Water and soil resources are strategic resources for social and economic development and provide guarantee for the social stability of the country and the quality of life of the people.Since the reform and opening up,the search for economic development mode at the expense of resource consumption has caused ecological environment problems such as land desertification and water pollution,which have had a significant impact on human survival and development,making ecological security the long-term goal pursued by China's social and economic development.Heilongjiang Province,as China's major grain producing area,its agricultural economic development relies heavily on water and soil resources.The increasing use of water for agriculture has led to a sharp decline in industry and ecological and environmental water use,which has hindered the development of regional industrial economy and the construction of ecological security.Therefore,it is of great significance for the socio-economic development and ecological security construction of Heilongjiang province and even the whole country to explore the ecological security development of water and soil resources.This paper constructs DPSIR evaluation index system from the perspective of resources environment and social economy to lay a foundation for multi-angle analysis of the current situation of ecological security of regional water and soil resources;analytic hierarchy process,entropy weight method and game theory are adopted to construct subjective and objective weight method,and then the weight of evaluation index is determined to objectively reflect the importance of evaluation index relative to the ecological security system of water and soil resources;by improving the matter-element extension model and constructing an evaluation model,the ecological security of water and soil resources in Heilongjiang Province is studied,and the ecological security status of regional water and soil resources are defined;by using the obstacle degree model,the obstacle degree analysis of the evaluation index is carried out,and the main obstacle factors in the ecological security construction of water and soil resources in Heilongjiang province are identified.The research results are as follows:(1)From 2003 to 2016,the ecological security of water and soil resources in Heilongjiang Province developed unevenly and had great potential for growth.From 2003 to 2012,2014 and 2015,it was in Level III security(sensitive level),in 2014 and 2016,it was in Level IV security(good level).The ecological safety value of water and soil resources has shown an increasing trend year by year.The main reason for the increase is the continuous increase of positive indicators such as wetland area per capita,proportion of water expenditure in agriculture and forestry,green area per capita and ratio of natural ecological area,and the continuous decrease of negative indicators such as industrial water ratio,soil erosion rate,natural population growth rate,water consumption per ten thousand yuan of agricultural and industrial output and pollution index of water.(2)Combined with the evaluation index weight and safety level analysis,the indexes that have significant impact on the ecological safety of water and soil resources include: ecological water ratio,wetland area per capita,land reclamation ratio,industrial water ratio,proportion of water expenditure in agriculture and forestry,soil erosion rate and agricultural water ratio.Among them,wetland area per capita,industrial water ratio,soil erosion rate and proportion of water expenditure in agriculture and forestry are high security level and show a trend of increasing gradually,which promotes regional ecological security construction.The state system in the criterion layer and the resource environment system in the factor layer have significant impact on ecological security;the stress system in the criterion layer and the socio-economic system in the factor layer promote ecological security construction.(3)By analyzing the barrier degree of the evaluation indexes,it is found that the barrier degree values of ecological water ratio,agricultural water ratio,proportion of environmental protection investment and proportion of water expenditure in agriculture and forestry,green area per capita are the largest,which hinders the ecological security construction of regional water and soil resources.The main obstacle systems are the state system at th e criterion level and the resource environment system at the factor level.Based on this,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to promote the ecological safety construction of water and soil resources.