Research On The Impact Of R&D Factor Flow On Innovation Efficiency In Western China

Innovation is the core of supply-side structural reform.It is also the key to transform China's economic and improve its international competitiveness.Regional innovation capability is increasingly becoming the decisive factor for regional economy to gain competitive advantages in the market and the most important factor for regional development.Compared with the eastern and central regions,the western region still lags behind in economic and social development due to its weak basic conditions,low innovation ability and serious environmental pollution.Its overall innovation ability is low enough,which is a "short board" for the development of innovation system in China.Insufficient and unbalanced regional development,driven by profit-driven feature,the scale of R&D factors' flowing among diffirent regions gradually increases,which is both opportunities and challenges for the western region.Under the background of comprehensively promotion of innovation-driven strategy in China,accurately grasping the direction and scale of western region's R&D elements flowing and scientifically evaluating its innovation efficiency and continue to deeply study the different R&D elements flow and spatial spillover effects on the efficiency of the innovation mechanism is of large significance for western region's promotion of innovation efficiency.This paper is divided into six parts: the first part is the introduction,which introduces the background of topic selection,research significance,and research achievements of domestic and foreign scholars on R&D factor flow and innovation efficiency.The second part is about related concepts and theoretical basis.Difine the concepts of R&D factors and innovation efficiency and state the flow theory of R&D factors,the theory of regional innovation system and the theoretical influence mechanism of R&D factors flow on innovation efficiency.The third part is the analysis of innovation efficiency in western China.Firstly,the paper studys western region's innovation input and output from the aspect of qualitative analysis.Secondly,use the super efficiency DEA model and Malmquist index to calculate and decompose the innovation efficiency in the western region.The fourth part is the flow measurement of R&D factors in western China,using the gravity model to measure the inflow and outflow of R&D personnel and R&D capital.The flow of R&D technology is evaluated separately,and then discuss the flow status of the three elements.The fifth part is the empirical analysis of the influence from R&D factor flow on innovation efficiency.The SDM model is introduced to analyze the spatial autocorrelation of innovation efficiency in western China,and empirical test the influence path of different R&D factors flow and spatial spillover effect on innovation efficiency.The sixth part is about research conclusions and policy suggestion.In this part,combining with the characteristics of innovation and development in the western region,it puts forward suggestion on promoting the effective improvement of innovation efficiency in the western region from the perspective of policy.Through the research,this paper draws the following main conclusions:(1)the innovation efficiency in the western region is generally effective but not stable,and there are significant differences in the regional innovation efficiency;(2)the flow of R&D factors in the western region has obvious regional differences,and R&D personnel and R&D capital are basically in the state of net outflow.The activity of R&D technology flow is related to regional economic development.(3)the spatial positive correlation of innovation efficiency in the western region is significant,and the regions with similar innovation efficiency values have clustering characteristics.(4)different R&D factor flows have different effects on innovation efficiency both in reverse and intensity: the spatial spillover effect of R&D personnel inflow is stronger and more significant than the direct effect,and the outflow of R&D personnel will seriously weaken regional innovation ability and inhibit the improvement of innovation efficiency.R&D capital inflow has positive impact on regional innovation efficiency,while R&D capital outflow has negative effect on regional innovation efficiency.The total effect of R&D technology inflow on innovation efficiency is significantly negative,while R&D technology outflow promotes the improvement of innovation efficiency.(5)increasing government support,improving the level of human capital and optimizing the industrial structure are conducive to enhancing the innovation efficiency in the western region,and the infrastructure construction has no significant impact on it.