Preparation And Application Of Novel Hydrophobic And Hydrophilic Composites

With the rapid development of society and economic,the problem of oil spills and the discharge of oily waste water have caused tremendous damage to the economy and the environment.Absorption is the most economical,efficient,and environment-friendly method for these problems.Therefore,the new absorption materials with high adsorption performance has important meaning for the treatment of oil pollution problems.In general,an advance materials should have high absorptivity,hydrophobicity,lipophilicity,and reusability.In order to avoid secondary pollution,new absorbent materials should be degradable to avoid secondary pollution to the environment.However,the traditional absorption materials have disadvantages in high absorptivity,lipophilic hydrophobicity,and reusability.Therefore,to solve these problems,the dissertation adopts waste hair and melamine sponge as the substrate,and the materials are modified by dipping,polymerization,etc.,and a highly effective modified melamine sponge and modified hair oil absorbing material are synthesized.At the same time,a new type of photothermal oil/water separation material was synthesized by sol-gel method.This method significantly improves the adsorption capacity and hydrophobicity of the adsorbent material.The specific research content is as follows:(1)Novel fabrication of photothermal sponge modified by polypyrrole and its adsorption propertiesThe photothermal hydrophobic sponge were prepared by chemical oxidation polymerization and dip-coating method,using melamine sponge(MS)as substrate and polypyrrole(PPy)as photothermal agent.FTIR,SEM,EDS and contact angle measurements were used to characterize the modified sponge,and the oil absorption rate of the modified sponge under light was studied.The results show that PPy and PODS coatings adhered perfectly to the surface of sponge fibers.The adsorbent can harvest light and convert it to heat.This heat can reduce the viscosity of viscous oil,increase the diffusion coefficient of oil,and thus accelerate the adsorption rate and reduce the adsorption time of oil.(2)Novel fabrication of PMSQ-VTMS-PPy xerogel for efficient solar-driven viscous oil/water separationThe photothermal hydrophobic xerogels were prepared by sol-gel method,using methyltrimethoxysilane(MTMS)and vinyltrimethoxysilane(VTMS)as precursor and polypyrrole(PPy)as photothermal agent.The formation of products was confirmed by FTIR,SEM,EDS,and the wetting behavior of water and oil.The results showed that the photothermal PMSQ-VTMS-PPy xerogels were successfully synthesized.The PMSQ-VTMS-PPy xerogels have the ability to reduce the viscosity of viscous oil with the xenon lamp irradiation,increase the oil-diffusion coefficient,and accelerate the oil absorption capability and decrease the oilabsorption time.(3)The hydrophobic/oleophilic modification of human hair fiber by PODS and the study of oil/water separation propertiesThe hydrophobic and oleophilic human hair fiber were synthesized via octadecyltrichlorosilane,hydrolyzed,self-assembled and polycondensation by dip-coating,the PODS self-assemble layers were adhered on fiber surface.SEM,FTIR,EDS dispersive spectrometer and contact angle measuring instrument were used to characterize structure and we study the properties of oil absorption and oil/water separation.The results showed that PODS were robust adhere to human hair fiber.The contact angles of raw and modified human hair fiber were 70°,142°,respectively.The maximum oil absorbency of the modified human hair fiber was,for castor oil,11.5g/g;engine oil,6.1g/g;toluene,3.1g/g;petroleum ether,2.0g/g.The oil/water separation study proves that modified human hair fiber has good oil and water separation ability and great property of reusability.