Representations Of Variable Tourism Maps With Preservation Of The Outline Characters Of Landmarks

Tourism map is an indispensable and important tool for users to plan travel routes,navigate and other tourism activities.In general,the tourism map has a uniform scale and the distribution of tourist geographic features is not uniform,which results in there are dense areas,and sparse areas,and empty areas on a map so that the clarity in dense areas may be reduced when representing the map on small display screens.In fact the tourism maps are often used by mobile phone.For other critical feature on tourism maps,landmarks that are particularly important for tourist route navigation are usually represented by the edge line of landmarks in the top view,which is not consistent with user’s view.The representations of landmarks on some tourism maps are designed manually to preserve the landmark characteristics.However manual method is timeconsuming,laborious and inefficient,which is difficult to be applied to large area maps containing large number of landmarks.From the aspects of recognition,outline characteristics are the abstractions of the physical shape of landmarks.Through the overall outline,the perception of the shape of landmarks could be acquired.In order to meet the cognitive needs of tourism users,this paper improved the clarity of map in dense areas through variable scale transformation and proposed an automatic symbolization method preserving the cognitive characters of landmarks,so as to improve the efficiency of map recognition.The main work are as follows:(1)This paper studied the generation of variable-scale routes with consideration of distortion,based on the estimating results of the density of global distribution on maps,this method provided enough display space for landmark symbols in dense areas,so as to make full use of limited map sheet,improved the map clarity and the recognition efficiency of map information.(2)An automatic symbolization method preserving the outline characters was proposed.By using the landmark photos from the same perspective as user,landmark’s outline was automatically extracted and simplified to generate easy-to-recognize landmark symbols,improving the real-time matching efficiency between map symbols and geographical objects,and facilitating the user’s path navigation or path recognition.(3)Using variable-scale routes and landmark symbols with the preservation of outline characters,this paper generated tourism map oriented to typical scenes.Firstly,the paper discussed and analyzed the effects of different symbol allocation modes on map cognition.Secondly,this paper discussed the influence of the symbols that preserved the outline characters of the front of landmarks configuring on the variable-scale map on the cognition of tourism maps.The experiment result shows that the variable-scale representation of tourism map can make the spatial distribution of the whole map more uniform so as to provide enough display space for the representation of the landmarks.The representation of landmark symbols have the same perspective as the users,and increases the cognitive efficiency of tourism maps,which is helpful to tourists’ spatial positioning and navigation activities.