| Land use and land development are the most fundamental explanations for human beings to utilize and transform nature.They are also the inevitable trend for the healthy and sustainable development of the world and the strengthening of the relationship between global integration.Therefore,in a sense,land is the foundation of human survival and development.Social and economic development and rapid population growth have made human development and utilization of land more in-depth,resulting in changes in land use types and landscape patterns,reflecting the way in which human beings change their land use.The significance and value of their research are obvious.Taking the long Ling County of Yunnan Province as an example,and taking the land use data in 2009 as the basis of the land use change survey data in 2015,the DEM data,and other natural and socio-economic data in 2015,with the help of ArcGIS10.5,Fragstats4.2,ENVI5.5,Excel and other 4 software,the transfer matrix method,digital elevation model,slope calculation model and so on are applied.The land use structure and land use transfer in the long Ling county were analyzed.At the same time,the land use landscape pattern in the2009-2015 years was quantitatively described,and the main reasons for the change in the2009-2015 years were analyzed.Based on the change of landscape pattern and the reasons for analysis,the article tries to provide the basis for the development and construction of all social and economic aspects in the county.The results show that:(1)According to the statistics of land use data,the land use in the county is mainly agricultural land,and the degree of land development and utilization is constantly improving.The total amount of cultivated land is relatively small,but the land use rate is high,there are more paddy fields and less waste rate.Of course,we need to point out that in the whole land structure of the county,the degree of land development needs to be improved.(2)the overall analysis results of land use change in the long Ling County indicate that:from 2009-2015 years,the land use change in the county is relatively small,and the land area in the land transfer process is 2.60%,and the land use change area is 7260.1hm.The area of land use change is 272100.99 hm~2.Woodland,as the main land use type in the area of Long Ling County,has a wide distribution and little change.The area of grassland decreased from8041.73hm to 6594.91hm in 2009,and the extent of change was relatively large.The urban villages and industrial and mining sites in the long Ling county increased from 5403.91hm in2009 to 5797.2 hm~2 in 2015,from 1.93%to 2.08%.Transportation land increased from133.63 HM in 2009 to 336.17 HM in 2015,from 0.05%to 0.12%.It has more than doubled,which is the most changeable land type.It also shows the basic condition of economic development to a certain extent.The driving factors analysis of land use change shows that land use change in Long Ling county is mainly caused by policies,economic factors,urban development and transportation factors,which make the land use change and landscape pattern structure change in the county.More results of regional land use in Long Ling County indicate that under the implementation of the local policies,the innovative land transfer mechanism in Yunnan,the protection of cultivated land red line,and the ecological red line,the ecological environment and cultivated land structure in the long Ling county have been fully protected,and the area and quality of the dry land,paddy field and irrigated land have been effectively guaranteed.(3)combined with the results of land use change and principal component analysis,the driving force analysis of land use change in Long Ling county shows that the main reason for the change in land use is the growth of population and the change of land use in the area.The key problem is that the cultivated land resources are relatively small,which requires higher requirements for the protection of the cultivated land in the dam area.The rapid expansion of urban,village and industrial and mining land has a certain scale,which does not match the difference between the development of population urbanization.It is necessary to put forward higher requirements for the more intensive use of construction land.There is still a long way to go to complete the task of ecological construction and environmental protection.(4)due to the fact that the county is still at a stage of development in terms of social economy,land use and so on,it is necessary to scientifically deploy the whole county in the aspects of land use and land structure and formulate practical measures.Based on this,this paper finds out that the richness of land use landscape is not enough,and the degree of fragmentation is far from enough.The superiority of the landscape is still decreasing,but the superiority of the county still exists.There are obvious landscape types such as woodland and other advantages in the landscape.(5)Five gradient zones of elevation in the study area are 526-1000 m,1000-1500 m,1500-2000 m,2000-2500 m and 2500-3002 m from the spatial function relationship of land use landscape ecological function.Six gradient zones with slope gradients of 0-2 degree,2-5degree,5-8 degree,8-15 degree,15-25 degree and 25 degree were analyzed respectively.Taking into account the landscape types,quantity and spatial distribution of land use,and the impact of land use and landscape pattern on the change of land use ecological environment and quantitative calculation results,we can evaluate the landscape pattern of Long Ling county and provide a basis for the development of the county.Based on the analysis of 6 landscape representative landscape pattern indices in 2009-2015,6 landscape representative landscape patterns in the 1-5 gradient and 1-6 gradient gradients were found.The development and utilization of other land use in the period of 2009-2015 increased the proportion of landscape types with less dominance in the region,and the landscape components tended to be uniform.However,there are still unreasonable patterns in all kinds of landscapes,such as elevation gradient and gradient gradient.For example,all kinds of landscapes are highly fragmented in population gathering area,and the degree of landscape fragmentation has increased over the past 2009-2015 years,but the diversity characteristics have increased.Especially in the 3-4 gradient area where population concentration is concentrated,the area is far from the main population gathering area in the county.Population,waters,water facilities distribution,landscape shape tends to simplify,there are more waters,water facilities distribution,but there is human disturbance has increased,the degree of diversity has an upward trend. |
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