| The change of landscape pattern is accompanied by the change of land use.Human activities cannot do without land.Land is the space for human survival and development.Human beings live and produce necessities in this space.Human activities usually lead to the change of land use/cover in the active area,resulting in the change of landscape pattern.Since the beginning of the 21st century,China's socio-economic level has grown rapidly,followed by the great growth of population.Land use/cover changes are more frequent than any previous stage.Industrial development,urbanization,population growth and economic construction have made corresponding changes to the original land use/cover areas,and the types of land use/cover have changed,The landscape pattern also has corresponding changes,these changes affect the stability of the ecosystem to a certain extent.What impact does the change of landscape pattern have on the regional ecosystem and how to affect it need to be discussed.In this paper,Weining Yi,Hui and Miao Autonomous County(hereinafter referred to as Weining County)is selected as the study area,which is a national nature reserve"Caohai Nature Reserve"and one of the most wintering habitats for migratory birds in Southwest China.In this paper,six issues(1995,2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2018)of remote sensing images were used as data sources,and the information of land use types in the study area was extracted by using remote sensing and GIS technology.According to the classification of land use status issued by the State Bureau of land use and resources,the land use types in the study area were divided Based on the study of change area,landscape index change and Markov matrix transfer,the change of landscape pattern in the study area from 1995 to 2018 was obtained.On the basis of comprehensive consideration of natural and human factors,the driving factors of landscape pattern change in Weining County were quantitatively analyzed by principal component analysis,grey correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis.The results show that:(1)The main types of land use in Weining County are woodland,grassland,cultivated land,wetland(Lake,reservoir and swamp)construction land and bare land.The statistical results showed that the forest land area accounted for the largest proportion in the six land use types,and the forest land area showed an increasing trend from 1995 to 2018,with a dynamic degree of 0.17%;Grassland area ranked second,and showed a decreasing trend;The dynamic degree was-0.23%.The cultivated land increased to 80 Hm~2,and the dynamic degree was 0.14%;The area of construction land has been increasing to 3011 Hm~2,and the dynamic degree is 22.3%;The area dynamic degree of bare land was-0.15%from 1995 to 2018.(2)From 1995 to 2018,the landscape shape index of the study area was on the rise as a whole,while the Shannon evenness index and Shannon diversity index were on the rise as a whole,indicating that the degree of landscape fragmentation in Weining County was increasing;During this period,the area proportion of each landscape patch tends to be uniform,while the area of dominant landscape patches is decreasing,which reflects the diversity and complexity of landscape types in Weining County.(3)Natural factors and human factors are the main driving factors of landscape pattern change.From 1995 to 2018,the annual average temperature and annual precipitation in Weining County showed an overall rising state,and the temperature and precipitation had a certain impact on the change of landscape pattern.Compared with the natural reason,the human reason is the most important factor of landscape pattern change in this region.Human activities,such as the increase of population,the increase of grain production,economic development(the first,second,third and GDP),and policy changes,all promote the change of landscape pattern in the study area. |
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