Application And Comparison Of CVM And CE In Evaluating Air Quality

In recent years,the scarcity of fine air has been becoming increasingly prominent and the scope of air pollution has been around the surrounding rural areas.Frequent air quality problems around seriously impact on the welfare level and socio-economic sustainable development,becoming the hot issues of common concern.Studies have shown that the root cause of air quality deterioration is that air as a public goods,there is externality and can not be indirectly captured by observing market behavior,causing people to ignor or underestimate the value of air quality.Therefore,a comprehensive and accurate assessment of the quality of air quality and integration of resource allocation and air quality recovery policies has become the key to improving the reliability and sustainability of air quality compliance planning decisions.Conditional Valuation Method(CVM)and Choice Experiment(CE)are current internationally recognized as effective methods for assessing the full value of resource and environmental goods or services,including non-use values.At present,the domestic air quality value assessment of the respondents is mainly concentrated on urban residents,thus,the rural residents have been ignored;and Most of the domestic researchers use CVM to assess the full value of air quality.In comparison,there are few studies on the use of CE,and yet the research with the air quality category as the attribute index,the farmer's willingness survey as the data source,and the CE is systematically evaluated the value of air quality and the multi-angle comparison with CVM has not been carried out by now..According to this,this paper firstly combed the theoretical basis of CVM and CE to evaluate the value of air quality.In this paper,the farmers in Xi'an area with severe air pollution in recent years were selected as the respondents,and randomized sample survey was conducted,a total of 336 questionnaires distributed and 283 valid questionnaires were obtained.Then through the construction of Binary Logit and Mixed Logit model,the study compared the differences of air quality assessment using CVM and CE from the theoretical and empirical aspect,in order to provide empirical evidence for the further improvement of the theoretical basis in CVM and CE.Meanwhile,we explored the theoretical explanationwhich lead to the differences of the results,the relative advantages and disadvantages of the two methods and the scope of application,so as to provide some reference for the domestic air quality assessment performing in a scientific and normative operation way and policy makers to choose a better way to assess the value of resources and environment.The results show that for the same sample and the same hypothetical situation--in the next four years,the air quality of Xi'an will reach the "optimal situation" in 2020,and the average annual willingness to pay for the rural residents in Xi'an is 487.45 yuan/households,which using CE to get the results of 564.75 yuan/households,1.2 times that of CVM evaluating results.Guidance technology,evaluation model,the complexity of the questionnaire design and research management strategy in the practice are all the possible causes resulting in the difference of results.Through comparative analysis,it is found that CE has a good applicability and wide application prospect in air quality value evaluation,and CVM and CE have a certain relative scope of application,so the choice of evaluation method should consider the purpose of the study,group characteristics,research cost,sample size and other factors,in order to choose a more appropriate way to carry out resource and environment value assessment research.