| [Objectives]Water is of vital importance to the earth and human beings,and is an important material basis for the life system of the earth,and it is also related to the survival and development of all life.In particular,the advantages and disadvantages of drinking water have a certain impact on the survival and health of human beings as well as all living things on the earth.In order to master the water quality of the residents in zhangqiu city,the water samples of the water quality monitoring points of zhangqiu city from 2013 to 2015 were analyzed and studied.This paper analyzes the overall results of sampling test of drinking water quality of residents in zhangqiu city from 2013 to 2015,and knows the sanitary condition of residents' drinking water.To analyze the water quality of residents in different years of zhangqiu city from 2013 to 2015.Through the analysis of the test results of drinking water for urban and rural residents,the difference between urban and rural areas is understood.The relationship between climate and water resource sanitation is understood by analyzing the test results of water quality in the dry period and fengshui period of zhangqiu city.Based on the above research results,for the government to formulate and perfect the corresponding policy for the protection of drinking water for the residents to provide theoretical basis and data support,so as to improve the lives of zhangqiu drinking water health condition;To provide reference for water resources protection measures in areas similar to zhangqiu.[Methods]1.Selection of sampling points.1.1 selection of centralized water supply point for drinking water.To zhangqiu town,street agency of 20,590 at point is divided into two levels of urban and rural,adopt the method of stratified random cluster sampling,extraction at first,and then at the point where the extraction water within the scope of random monitoring stations for water sample collection.In 2013,43 urban monitoring sites were selected and 100 samples were sampled.The countryside 147 monitoring points,sampling 318 copies.In 2014,68 urban monitoring sites were selected and 141 samples were collected.Rural 163 monitoring sites,sampling 370.In 2015,57 urban monitoring sites were sampled and 127 samples were sampled.The country has 167 monitoring sites and 387 samples.1.2 selection of sampling points for other types of drinking water.This study every year from urban residential areas,schools,water purification equipment processing within the unit after the direct drinking water,production water and part of the food production enterprise sales of locally produced from supermarkets and stores of bottled drinking water,mineral water,pure water(bottled)(commercial)water extract monitoring,sampling principle is simple random sampling.In 2013,there were 64 monitoring sites,128 samples of water samples,45 monitoring sites in 2014,90 samples of water samples,65 monitoring sites in 2015 and 131 samples of water samples.2.Sampling method and time.Water sampling is strictly according to GB/T 5750.2-2006 the relevant requirements of the standard test method for drinking water,collection and preservation of water samples,2.1 Centralized water supply point The plentiful water season the water sampling,sampling at least 2 copy each of the gathering pipe water and effluent water samples(peripheral water can be collected according to actual condition the same water stop multiple family faucet tap water,one of them is parallel.),water type,well water,secondary water supply pipe water,effluent.2.2 Other types of water Samples of water samples were sampled one time during the dry period and during the flood season,and two sample was collected at each sampling point(One of them is parallel).Water source types include municipal water(local production)and water(food).2.3 Sampling time of water samples The period between may and October is between may and October,and the dry period is between November and Apri1.3.3.Sample test itemAccording to the requirements of the standard of drinking water sanitation(gb5749-2006),the water quality test items currently monitored are divided into 31 routine items and 41 non-routine items.In this study,all samples collected were tested in 31 routine items,and some samples were randomly selected to detect unconventional items.4.Statistical analysisThe information about the monitoring and testing data by inputting EPIDATA database,using the EXCEL software sampling of the integration of information data processing,by using the statistical software to carry on the chi-square SPSS20.0 complete a statistical analysis of the data.[Results]1.The overall situation of sampling test results of residents' drinking water in zhangqiu city from 2013 to 2015.1.1 General test results of sampling of drinking water in zhangqiu city from 2013 to 2015.During the three-year period,590 water supply points and locally produced municipal water,direct drinking water and food production were collected with 1,792 samples of water samples,and the qualified water samples were 1,495 and the total qualified rate was 83.43%.1.2 Comparison of sampling test results of urban residents' drinking water and urban areas in zhangqiu city from 2013 to 2015.There were 1,075 rural areas and 816 qualified water samples,with a total qualified rate of 75.91%.717 parts of the city,679 qualified water samples,the total qualified rate is 94.70%.The percentage of qualified urban areas was higher than that in rural areas,and the difference was statistically significant(x squared = 109.867,P<0.001).2.Comparison of annual sampling test results of residents living and drinking water in zhangqiu city from 2013 to 2015.2.1 Comparison of the qualified rate(detection rate)of drinking water sampling in zhangqiu city in 2013.(1)Different types of water quality:percent of pass is the lowest well water(34.62%),followed by food production(79.37%),direct drinking water(83.93%),secondary water supply(88.00%),peripheral water(86.89%),the factory water(89.93%),the highest is commercially available water(local production)(100.00%),the difference was statistically significant(x squared = 114.57,P<0.001).(2)In different periods:the moisture content of the water sample was 86.67%,and the wet period was 70.88%,and the water period was lower than the dry period,and the difference was statistically significant.(x squared = 20.55,P<0.001).(3)Different indicators:the qualified rate from high to low was the toxicological index(98.98%),sensory traits and general chemical indicators(89.99%)and microbiological indicators(74.97%),and the differences were statistically significant.(x squared = 1060.04,P<0.001).(4)Regular project:the qualified rate from low to high as the total number of colonies(64.84%),nitrate nitrogen(to)(69.96%),total coliform bacteria(69.96%),heat-resistant coliform(74.91%),and total hardness(77.84%),visible to the naked eye(79.85%),sulfate(79.85%),total soluble solids(87.91%),turbidity(89.93%),manganese(89.93%).All the remaining 21 qualified rates were above 90%,among them,zinc,odor and taste,pH and other 16 qualified rate reached 100%.(5)Unusual events:the detection rate of 80.00%,666 dimethoate detection rate of 86.67%,chlorate,tetrachloroethylene detection rate of 66.67%,formaldehyde detection rate was 6.67%,the rest of the project has not been checked out.2.2 Comparison of the qualified rate(detection rate)of drinking water sampling in zhangqiu city in 2014.(1)Different types of water quality:percent of pass is the lowest well water(19.40%),followed by production water(64.29%),secondary water supply(84.85%),peripheral water(88.89%),the factory(90.77%),direct drinking water(94.83%),percent of pass is of the highest commercial water(local production)(100.00%),the difference was statistically significant(? squared = 207.32,P<0.001).(2)Different periods:the yield period was 89.27%,and the duration was 75.00%,and the duration was lower than the dry period,and the difference was statistically significant.(? squared = 20.59,P<0.001).(3)Different indicators:the difference was statistically significant between high and low toxicological indicators(98.99%),sensory traits and general chemical indicators(91.00%)and microbiological indicators(79.98%)(x squared = 868.18,P<0.001).(4)Regular project:the qualified rate from low to high as the total number of colonies(74.88%),nitrate(74.88%),total coliform bacteria(77.87%)and total hardness(80.37%),heat-resistant coliform(82.86%),visible to the naked eye(84.86%),sulfate(84.86%),total soluble solids(87.85%).All the remaining 23 qualified rates were above 90%,and the turbidity,iron,manganese and other 15 items reached 100%.(5)Unusual events:chlorate detection rate was 95.45%,the detection rate of 90.91 666,dimethoate detection rate of 86.36%,tetrachloroethylene detection rate of 81.82%,formaldehyde detection rate was 9.09%,the rest of the project has not been checked out.2.3 Comparison of qualified rate(detection rate)of drinking water sampling inzhangqiu city in 2015.(1)Different types of water quality:percent of pass is minimum well water(33.33%),followed by direct drinking(85.48%),secondary water supply(89.09%),peripheral water(91.71%),production water(92.45%),the factory water(94.58%),the highest for the local production of commercially available water(100.00%),the difference was statistically significant(? squared = 129.92,P<0.001).(2)At different periods:The yield was 95.10%in the dry period,82.60%in the fengshui period,and in the fengshui period less than the dry period,and the difference was statistically significant(? squared = 24.75,P<0.001).(3)Different indicators:the difference was statistically significant between high and low levels of toxicological indicators(99.00%),sensory traits and general chemical indicators(97.00%)and microbial indicators(89.97%)(x squared = 429.70,P<0.001).(4)Regular project:the qualified rate from low to high as the total number of colonies(80.00%),and total hardness(87.91%),total soluble solids(87.91%),nitrate nitrogen(to)(88.99%),total coliform bacteria(89.92%),sulfate(89.92%).All the remaining 25 qualified rates were above 90%,with 15 qualified rates of smell and taste,pH and cyanide up to 100%.(5)Non-routine items:the detection rate of the total amount of the total amount of radioactivity,666,le fruit and chlorate was 100.00%,the detection rate of tetrachloroethylene was 92.00%,and the remaining items were not detected.3.Comparison of sampling test results of different annual water quality of residents in zhangqiu city from 2013 to 2015.3.1 Comparison of total percentage of water samples in three years.The total qualified rate was the highest in 2015(88.53%),followed by 2014(81.86%),with the lowest overall pass rate(79.12%)in 2013,and the difference was statistically significant(? squared = 20.52,P<0.001).3.2 Comparison of the qualified rate of water samples during the three years.The highest qualified rate was in 2015(95.10%),followed by 2014(89.27%)and the lowest qualified rate(86.67%)in 2013,with statistically significant difference(x squared = 12.85,P<0.05).3.3 Comparison of the qualified rate of water samples during the three years.The highest qualified rate was in 2015(82.60%),followed by 2014(75.00%)and the lowest pass rate(70.88%)in 2013,with statistically significant difference(? squared=12.02,P<0.05).3.4 Comparison of the quality of water-like sensory properties and general chemical indexes during the three years.The highest qualified rate was 2015(97.00%),followed by 2014(91.00%)and the lowest(90.00%)in 2013.The difference was statistically significant(x squared = 451.62,P<0.001).3.5 Comparison of the qualified rate of water samples toxicology in three years.In 2013,the qualified rate was 98.98%,the qualified rate was 98.99%in 2014,and the qualified rate was 99.00%in 2015.The difference was not statistically significant(x squared = 1.04,P>0.05).3.6 Comparison of the qualified rate of water samples in three years.The highest qualified rate was in 2015(89.97%),followed by 2014(79.98%),and the lowest(74.97%)in 2013,and the difference was statistically significant(? squared=143.51,P<0.001).3.7 Comparison of detection rate of water samples in three years.In 2013,the detection rate was 7.86%.In 2014,the detection rate was 9.32%.In 2015,the detection rate was 10.05%,and the difference was not statistically significant(x squared =2.088,P>0.05).[Conclusion]1.2013?2015 the water quality of the residents in zhangqiu city was the lowest in the sampling test of different water quality types.2.From 2013 to 2015,the qualified rate of drinking water for residents in zhangqiu city was higher than that in fengshui period.3.From 2013 to 2015,in the routine project of sampling test of residents' drinking water in zhangqiu city,the microorganism index qualified rate was the lowest,among which the total number of bacterial colonies was the lowest.4.2013?2015 there is no difference in the detection rate of unconventionalized drinking water for residents in various regions of zhangqiu city.5.From 2013 to 2015,the qualified rate of sampling in rural areas of zhangqiu city was lower than that in urban areas.6.From 2013 to 2015,the total qualified rate of sampling test results for residents living in zhangqiu city increased year by year. |
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