The Development Of Organic And Inorganic Microorganism Integrated Fertilizer Formula On Flue-cured Tobacco In Yimeng Mountain Area

The irrational use of chemical fertilizers has brought serious pollution to the water and soil,resulting in a double decline in yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco and low utilization of fertilizers.In order to promote the continuous and healthy development of tobacco leaves in Yimeng Mountain tobacco growing area,this experiment explored the mechanism of microbial components,the effect of indigenous bacteria propagation agent to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer,fertilizer formulation optimization experiment,and field contrast test.The main results are as follows:(1)Through the analysis of rhizosphere microorganism we could find that using indigenous bacteria propagation agent to increase the diversity of bacteria and fungi in soil was effective.And it increased the proportion of bacteria and fungi in the soil and transformed the soil type to"bacterial type".In essence,this experiment explained the role of indigenous bacteria propagation agent in the formula of integrated fertilizer.(2)The chemical fertilizer reduction treatments which used the indigenous bacteria propagation agent showed a good effect on the production of flue-cured tobacco in Yimeng Mountain Area.In this experiment,the chemical nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of 0%,15%and 30%were reduced by equal proportion in combination with adding the indigenous bacteria propagation agent as microbial components.The results showed that the treatment reducing 30%chemical fertilizer at the same time adding the indigenous bacteria propagation agent as microbial components would not hinder the growth of flue-cured tobacco and was beneficial to economic character and chemical composition of tobacco leaves.In addition this treatment reduced the leaching loss rate of fertilizer in the field,and finally increased the fertilizer utilization ratio.The addition of indigenous bacteria propagation agent in fertilizer could achieve better economic and ecological benefits.(3)From the optimization test of fertilizer formula,the treatment of which the phosphorus content was 150 kg/hm~2,the potassium content was 150 kg/hm~2,and the content of the indigenous bacteria propagating agent was 2.25 kg/hm~2 was the best.The agronomic characters,economic characters,the potassium content of upper and lower tobacco leaves and the sensory evaluation of tobacco leaves of this treatment were the best in all treatment.According to the results of this experiment,the optimized organic inorganic microorganism integrated fertilizer formula was 625.5 kg/hm~2 of fermented soybean meal,320.85 kg/hm~2 of ammonium phosphate,151.2 kg/hm~2 of potassium nitrate,138.3 kg/hm~2 of potassium sulfate,and 2.25 kg/hm~2 of indigenous bacteria.For the main constituents of the commercial fertilizers,organic matter content was 48.6%,moisture content was 10%,nitrogen content was 6.5%,phosphorus content was 13%,potassium content was 13%,microbial quantity was 50 million/grams,the fertilizer usage of per mu was 85 kg.(4)The field contrast test showed that the treatment using this organic and inorganic microorganism integrated fertilizer formula was beneficial to appearance quality,economic character,chemical composition,and sensory evaluation quality of tobacco leaves.In summary,this fertilizer formula can be used in the production of flue-cured tobacco in Yimeng Mountain Area.