Srudy On The Effect Of Plant Pollution Prevention And Control Technology On Tomato Soil Eco-environment

Nowadays,planting pollution has become a focus of concern and research by scholars all over the world.Planting pollution is mainly caused by excessive nitrogen,phosphorus,and other substances introduced during the agricultural production process,which are formed by the soil entering the water body,polluting surface water and groundwater,and eventually causing water disasters.The Liaohe River Basin is one of the important watersheds in China.The pollution problem in the planting industry is very serious.The most prominent is the contamination of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.According to the statistical yearbook data of all regions of the Liaohe River Basin,with the increase in planting area,the amount and intensity of chemical fertilizers and pesticides also increased,and the loss of major pollutants also showed an upward trend.As for vegetable plots,due to the large amount of fertilizer input per unit area of soil,planting industry pollution is even more serious.There are several problems with non-point source pollution in the Liaohe River Basin:the pollution situation in the planting industry is very serious;the technology for plant industry pollution prevention and control is not mature,and most technologies are still in the research stage and promotion is difficult.Research on crop plant pollution control technologies at home and abroad mainly focuses on how to reduce the loss of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus,thereby reducing the environmental pressure on water bodies,etc.There are few reports on the impact of planting industry pollution prevention technologies on soil ecological environment,and soil The quality of the ecological environment directly affects the yield and quality of crops.In this paper,the tomato plant in the Liaohe River Basin was taken as the research object,and systematic research was carried out on the effects of optimized fertilization,optimized irrigation,integration of water and fertilizer technology,soil carbon enrichment,and organic substitution on the soil ecological environment.On this basis,a comprehensive evaluation of economic,social,and environmental benefits was conducted to construct a tomato soil ecological environment quality assessment index system.The comprehensive benefits of the five plant crop pollution prevention and control technologies were evaluated using the index system.The main conclusions are as follows:?1?The organic substitution technology can significantly increase the content of available nutrients in the soil,making the available nitrogen in the soil increase by approximately 8.9%,the available phosphorus by approximately 23.9%,and the available potassium by approximately 25.6%.?2?Under the same amount of fertilizer,increasing the amount of irrigation water makes the soil urease activity decrease by 5.57%.Under the same amount of irrigation water,increasing the amount of fertilizer makes the soil urease activity decrease by 9.18%.?3?The average flux of N₂O under optimized and optimal irrigation was lower than that of conventional fertilization treatment.The N₂O flux of conventional water and fertilizer reduction was 71.4%,and the effect of greenhouse gas emission reduction was very significant.Organic fertilizer may be the reason for the high flux of N₂O emissions.?4?Compared with conventional treatment,the water and fertilizer integration technology has a certain emission reduction effect,can reduce the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus loss,the most obvious in the early and late period of tomato growth.?5?Each control technology has a certain positive impact on tomato growth indicators and yield.Although the quality of tomatoes was slightly decreased,no significant difference was observed.To a certain extent,optimization of prevention and control technology can ensure the stable yield and yield of tomatoes and better tomato quality.?6?In this paper,the evaluation index system of tomato soil ecological environment quality was established exploratively using analytic hierarchy process.There were 2 first-level indicators,5second-level indicators,and 18 third-level indicators.The weight values were assigned respectively.Using the established index system to evaluate the soil ecological environment quality under the five prevention andcontroltechnologies,thepollutioncontroltechnologies corresponding to the superior soil quality from high to low are:water and fertilizer integration>organic substitution>soil carbon enrichment>optimized irrigation>Optimize fertilization.Under the condition of ensuring steady production and yield increase of tomato,water and fertilizer integration technology can not only ensure fruit quality,but also reduce the waste of fertilizer resources and thus reduce the pollution risk caused by the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition,and have the lowest negative impact on the soil ecological environment.