The Optimized Emergency Management Research Of Natural Disasters In Colleges Of Xiamen

According to the Emergency Plan for Public Health Emergencies in Education System(Published by the Ministry of Education in August 2009),natural disaster is one of the crises that colleges and universities have to face.Because of different geographical locations,there are different types of natural disasters we need to deal with.Because of typhoon,the risk of emergency in coastal colleges and universities is much higher than other natural disasters'.Xiamen is located in the southeastern coastal areas of China.Therefore,the colleges and universities of Xiamen should focus on responding to the typhoon in natural disasters.Based on the combing of the related concepts about natural disasters and emergency management in colleges and universities,this study points out the characteristics of natural disaster emergency management,regarding the landing of typhoon Morandi in 2016 and the current situation of emergency management in colleges and universities in Xiamen as cutting points.Based on "Three Stages,Three Factors" of Haddon Theory,combinating with the principle of the emergency management theory,the problems and causes in the emergency management of natural disasters in Xiamen's colleges and universities are analyzed.This study thinks when deal with the natural disaster the emergency,some colleges and universities in Xiamen have no contingency plans,which lead to no way to cope with natural disasters.Some have emergency plans,but it dose not run smoothly during implementation process due to lack of consciousness,staff,equipment and so on.Therefore,this study suggests that the Haddon model which should be introduced transfers the emergency management of natural disasters in colleges and universities from the simple crisis response to the exact performing of dividing management.In the unity of the prevention stage,the disposal stage,the later management stage,it makes the whole process management come true.The happening of natural disasters is difficult to prevent,but enough plans and optimization measures could avoid partial loss of colleges and universities from natural disasters.This study attempts to draw on the experience of natural disaster emergency management at home and abroad,and puts forward some suggestions on management optimization from the prevention,disposal and later stages.In the prevention stage,we should raise the awareness of crises and establish the mechanism of preventing,pre-alarming to form an emergency information of transmission system.In the disposal stage,we should perfect the command system of natural disasters,encourage social forces to participate in emergency rescue and increase the input of equipment and personnel.In the later management stage,we should perfect the linkage mechanism of post disaster reconstruction,establish an emergency management evaluation mechanism,strengthen the cooperation of public crisis management in and out of campus,and build up the psychological aid model after disaster.This study is based on the colleges and universities of Xiamen,taking typhoon as an example,the three-stage optimization measures for emergency management of natural disasters should be put forward.And we hope that it can provide ideas and references for the pertinence and effectiveness of strengthing emergency management of natural disasters.