Gut Microbiota-based Investigation Of Reducing Weight Effect Of Flaxseed Gum And Its Application In Jelly

In recent years,obesity has gradually become one of the most common diseases thatthreatenhuman's health.A large number of reports have showed that intestinal flora plays an important role during the formation of fat and changes in the intestinal flora can cause weight to change.As a result,the regulation of gut microbiotathrough diet to control the intake and metabolism of energy has attracted wide attention.The our previousstudy has found that flaxseed gum is a kind of goodsoluble dietary fiber and at the same time a kind of food raw material with high quality.A lot of researches suggested that dietary fiber is effective in lowering blood lipids and cholesterol.Therefore,we aim to study the effect of flaxseed gum on obesity reduction and what role the gut microbiotaplays in it.In this study,theobese rat models werebuilt with a high-fat diet,and then were served with diets containing different doses of flaxseed gum for one month.Then body weight,serum biochemicalfactors,bodyfat and short-chain fatty acids contents were separatelyanalyzed.The structure of gut microbiotain the rat was analyzed through 16 SrDNA sequencing,and the relationship between flaxseed gum,reducing body weight and gut microbiotainrats' gut was discussed.Finally,flaxseed gumwas taken as raw materials to developa complex jelly with both weight-reducing effect and unique taste.The results of the study were as follows:1)After the intake of high,medium and low doses of flaxseed gum,the body weight of rats showed a downward trend,asthe high dose group dropping by 9%,the middle dose group by 6.3%,and the low dose group by 4.8%.At the same time,the abdominal fat rate of rats in the high-dose group decreased by 72.3%due to the increase of intake of flaxseed gum.The total triglyceride content in blood decreases with the increase of flaxseed gum intake.This shows that the consumptionof flaxseed gum can reduce the total triglyceride and body fat.Under the intervention of flaxseed gum,the ratio of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes decreasedfrom 3.45 to 1.32.The relative abundance of Clostridiumincreased with the intake of flaxseed gum,which indicates that Clostridium may be a key genus of degradingflaxseed gum.The weight loss of rats may be closely related to the relative abundance of decreasedFirmicutesand the relative abundance of increasedClostridium.In addition,there was no significant difference in SCFA between the groups after ingestion of flaxseed gum,indicating that the effectof body weight was not induced through the production of short-chain fatty acids by the gut microbiota.2)Flaxseed gum wastaken as the main raw materials andmixed with carrageenan and xanthan gum.Through the measurement of complex gum's gel strength,transparency,water separating proportion,brittleness andelasticity,the optimum formula of the complex gum as follows: linseed gum: carrageenan: Xanthan gum =10:10:3.Finally,orthogonal experiments were conducted to determine the best formula of the complex jelly: complex gum 0.8%,Catechin 0.7%,aspartame 0.04%,citric acid 0.15%.The jelly made withthis formula has a uniform texture,moderate gel strength,good elasticity and water holding capacity,light touch of tea,sweet and sour taste.Conclusion: flaxseed gum has changed the way of energy metabolism in the bodyby altering the composition of the host gut microbiot,and then reducingthe host'sbody weight.Intake of different doses of flaxseed gum has the effect of reducing weight.The role of flaxseed gum in controlling body weight mightnot be attributed to the production of short-chain fatty acids in gut microbiot.Instead,it alters the number of bacteria in the Firmicutes,which in turn reduces the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetesto induceweight loss,andmeanwhile lowering body fat and total triglycerides.In addition,Clostridium may be the key genus of degrading flaxseed gum.