Study On The Extraction Of Orychophragmus Violaceus Seed Oil And The Preparation Of Its Microencapsulation

The oil of Orychophragmus violaceus seed contains unsaturated fatty acids,such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid.It has special nutritional value and health care function,but its utilization rate is low.In order to improve the utilization of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil,different extraction methods was utilized to extract Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil and optimize its extraction process.Then,the indicators and fatty acid composition of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil were detected and analyzed.Finally,the microcapsules of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil were prepared by microencapsulation technology,which could prolong its storage time and increase its utilization.The main research content is as follows:(1)Study on the extraction of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oilOrychophragmus violaceus seeds were used to extract oil by physical pressing method,aqueous enzymatic extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction.The oil yield of the physical pressing method was 10.53%.The best process parameters of aqueous enzymatic extraction were studied: the ratio of material to liquid was 1:6.23 g/ml,the dose of acid protease was 2.90%,the enzymatic time was 5.28 h and the temperature was 45℃.Under this condition,the oil yield was 24.68%.The best process parameters of ultrasonic assisted extraction showed that the ratio of material to liquid was 1:14.2 g/ml,the ultrasonic time was 40 min,and the temperature was 31.8℃.Under this condition,the oil yield of 46.91%.(2)The analysis of the quality of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oilThe physical pressing method,aqueous enzymatic extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction had significant differences in the oil yield of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil.The oil yield obtained by ultrasonic assisted extraction was the highest,the oil yield obtained by aqueous enzymatic extraction was the second,the oil yield obtained by physical pressing method was the lowest.The Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil in ultrasonic assisted extraction and aqueous enzymatic extraction were clear and transparent,and in physical pressing method was turbid.The peroxide value of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil in ultrasonic assisted extraction without organic solvent residue was much lower than the physical pressing method,and its acid value was lowest.There were not significant differences in the content of iodine value and saponification value in three different extraction methods.The unsaturated fatty acid content of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil contained by the three different methods were above 81%,and the fatty acid composition and proportion had no significant difference.In summary,the ultrasonic assisted extraction was suitable for extraction of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil.(3)The preparation of microcapsulesWith the microcapsules embedding rate as an indicator,the optimum conditions for the preparation of microcapsules by orthogonal test were wall material ratio(whey protein: maltodextrin)of 2:1,solids content of 20% and core wall ratio of 1:3.Under this condition,the embedding rate of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil microcapsules was 88.78%.(4)Study on the physicochemical properties of microcapsulesThe basic physicochemical property of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil microcapsules were analyzed.Results showed that the content of measured moisture was 3.74±0.41%,the solubility was 89.46±1.32%,the embedding rate was 88.78±1.56%,angle of repose was 33.69±1.02°,it had good fluidity.The content of unsaturated fatty acid from Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil was 81.17%,the content of unsaturated fatty acid from Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil microcapsules was 79.84%.Before and after drying,its content did not change much.Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of the microcapsules was smooth,and the thermal stability of microcapsules were analyzed by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.The results shown that the glass transition of microcapsules occured at 91.82℃,and thermal decomposition occured at 250℃,indicating its good thermal stability.The results of infrared spectroscopy indicated that the mixed wall material of whey protein and maltodextrin had good effect on the encapsulation of Violaceus seed oil microcapsules.The peroxidation value of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil reached 14.01 mmol/kg after 10 days,while the peroxide value of Orychophragmus violaceus seed oil microcapsules after 4.0 d was 4.01 mmol/kg,which was much lower than that of the seed oil.Therefore,microcapsule technology has a good protective effect on Violaceus seed oil.