Determination Of Phthalate Esters In Cosmetics AMD This Exposure Assessment

Phthalates(PAEs)are artificial compounds that are widely used in daily life.Long-chain PAEs are commonly used as plasticizers in polymer plastics,and short-chain PAEs are used as solvents,stabilizers,or adhesives in manufacturing.Phthalates had teratogenic,carcinogenic,and mutagenic properties.Several phthalates are endocrine-disrupting compounds and affect the male reproductive systemand.The degree of intimacy of humans and cosmetics is second only to food.Excessive use of cosmetics rich in phthalates will increase the probability of breast cancer among consumers,especially female consumers,and can easily lead to abortions and fetuses in pregnant women and deformity.Therefore,it was of great significance to establish an effective method for the detection of PAEs in a wide variety of cosmetics with complex composition.It can safeguard consumer rights and protect human health.In recent years,there are following questions exist in analysis methods of PAEs in cosmetic.It is organic reagent-consuming,labor-intensive and expensive in the process of pretreatment.Furthermore,there are many kinds of PAEs,some of them can not be qualitatively and quantificationally analyzed due to the lack of corresponding standard compounds.Based on the method of screening phthalates in edible oils,this article established a pre-treatment method for screening PAEs in cosmetics,and assessed the exposure level of female cosmetic-derived PAEs by external exposure method;Because the total PAEs in nail polish and perfumes is relatively high and the number of samples with high concentrations are more excessive,they were deteced 6PAEs.Combining the components with the total amount can more accurately assess PAEs contamination in the sample.(1)A pre-treatment method for rapid detection of PAEs in cosmetics was established.The exposure dosage calculation was based on the percentage of a topically applied dose that permeates the skin.In this method,hexane was added to extract non-polar substances during the hydrolysis,so hydrolysis and purification steps were carried out simultaneously.Then alkaline solution was acidified to phthalic acid(PA),which was extracted with tributyl phosphate(TBP)and investigated by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector.The parameters such as the concentration and volume of KOH,the volume of ethanol,hydrolysis time and temperature were employed to evaluate the hydrolysis efficiency of PAEs.The optimized hydrolysis conditions:10 mL 4 mol/L KOH,1 mL of ethanol,hydrolysis time:20 min,hydrolysis temperature:80°C.The linear range of target analyte was 3 to240?mol/L(R~2=0.9991).The limits of detection(LOD)and quantification(LOQ)were 4.6 and 5.9?mol/kg,respectively.The average recoveries of the samples were more than 83%,with relative standard deviations equal to or lower than 6.8%in all tested conditions.The results of the 84 samples showed that the content of PAEs in nail polish and perfumes was generally 1 to 5 orders of magnitudes higher than that of the other three types of cosmetics,15 of which were greater than 10,000?mol/kg,and17 cosmetics did not detect.The average and maximum exposure levels of PAEs in perfumes(0.1650,1.3776?g/kg bw/d,respectively)were the highest among all cosmetics.The method is uncomplicated and trusty,and has a wide range of applicability.It can be used as a new choice for the detection of PAEs in cosmetic.(2)According to the national standard"SN/T 1495-2015 Determination of Phthalates acid ester in cosmetics for import and export",6 PAEs in 12 nail polishs and 9 perfumes was tested.The linear range was 0.04 to 10?g/mL,and correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.998.The RSD of internal and inter-day reproducibility test(n=3)was less than or equal to 9.2%,and the recoveries of the samples were all greater than 80%.DEP,DBP,and DEHP were detected in all perfumes.DMP was detected in 7 perfumes.DOP(0.39?g/g)was detected only in one perfume(No.16),and BBP was not detected in all perfumes.Only DEP(P=0.01)was significantly correlated with the total PAEs(r=0.582)in perfumes.There was no correlation between other PAEs and total PAEs.Hence,the main difference among the total PAEs contents in perfumes samples could be ascribed to the difference in the DEP.Of the 12 nail polishes tested,at least 3 PAEs were detected.DEP,DBP,and DEHP detection rates were 100%.No correlation was found between the 6 PAEs and total PAEs.The ratios of converted and the experimental values of total PAEs in perfumes and nail polishes ranged from 13.8%to 89.7%and 0.7%to 38.0%,respectively.The ratios of most perfumes exceeded 50%.