Occurrence,Congener Profiles And Migration Of Chlorinated Paraffins In Domestic Polymeric Products

Chlorinated paraffins?CPs?are an industurial product of linear chloro-alkanes mixtures,which have thousands of congeners.CPs products were added as plasticizers in plastics and rubbers due to their specific phsico-chemical proporties.Short-chain chlorinated paraffins and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins?SCCPs and MCCPs?are emerging environmental pollutions,which have arose the widespread concern in recent.Among them,SCCPs have been listed in the Stockholm Convention to be restricted,due to its persistence,long range atmosphere transport and bioaccumulation.Currently,the existing researches focused on the occurrence of CPs in various environmental martrices.However,the studies of CPs in domestic polymeric products which close to people live are scarce.Therefore,in order to research the occurrence,homologous profiles and migration of chlorinated paraffins in the domestic polymeric products in China,we investigated the concentrations and congener profiles of SCCPs and MCCPs in a total of 108 products.Furthermore,we also simulated the migration of the CPs from the food packaging to the food simulants to evaluate the possible migration process.In this work,the ultrasonic extration and the composite gel column were used to extract and purify the target compounds,the GC-qTOF-HRMS was used to quantify the SCCPs and MCCPs.The results proved that the CPs were found in all samples,and high levels of CPs were found in PVC and rubber.In the PVC,the average concentrations of SCCPs and MCCPs were 40 and 28 mg/g,respectively;in the rubber,the average concentrations of SCCPs and MCCPs were 614 and 1329?g/g,respectively.In the domestic polymeric products,C₁₁-and C₁₃-congener groups are dominant in the SCCPs.The predominant congener groups in MCCPs are the C₁₄-congener groups.The Cl₇-and Cl₈-congener groups are dominant in the chlorinated paraffins.Chlorinated paraffins in the domestic polymeric products have a significant relationship with CP-52 industrial products.To further explore the migration of CPs from the food packaging to the food,we used water,3%acetic acid,15%alcohol and hexane as food simulants to simulant the process of migration.SCCPs have the most migration efficiency value in the hexane food simulants with the migration efficiency of 58.5-111.8%.The migration efficiency of SCCPs in water,3%acetic acid and 15%alcohol were 0.38%-10.8%,0.20-18.0%,1.8-10.7%,respectively.The migration efficiency of MCCPs in water,3%acetic acid,15%alcohol and hexane food simulants were 0,0,2.37-32.0%,27.2-93.9%.Different with the congener group profiles in the food packaging,the C₁₀-and C₁₁-congener groups are dominant in the SCCPs in food simulants.The Cl₇-and Cl₆-congener groups are the predominant chlorine homologes in food simulants.The above results showed that the CPs in the domestic polymeric produts is a possibly important source to the environment.Besides,the CPs in food packaging can increase the risk of human external exposure by migrating from the food packaging to the food.The results can help us have a better understanding of CPs in its whole life,and provide the basic data for the human exposure estimation.