Research And Development Of The Water Pollution Monitoring System Based On GIS

With the rapid development of economy,human social activities are increasingly frequent which leads to large amount of domestic sewage,organic matters and heavy metals are discharged into rivers and lakes.Water pollution accidents bring serious disasters to human survival and ecological environment,as well as huge economic losses.Countries around the world are increasing their investment in water pollution control and has been listed in the national key implementation strategy.One of the most important work on water pollution prevention is the continuous,effective and real-time monitoring of water environment and variable trends of water pollution.Water pollution detection is a huge project.The existing monitor system is not well established which has some shortcomings such as difficulties in collecting data,limited monitoring scope,high cost and lack of function.With the development of information technology,more and more new product and new methods are used in water environment monitor,such as GIS,water environment monitoring has new research fields.GIS can combine with sensors,wireless communication and database,so GIS is able to play an important role in the treatment of water pollution due to its powerful space management and analytical ability.This paper describes a water pollution monitoring system based on GIS,which contains the following features:(1)Aiming at the difficulties in collecting water pollution data and limited monitoring scope,the system adopted RS(Remote Sensing)and GIS(Global Positioning System)technology to achieve real-time and on-line collection of water pollution data and space geographic information.And the system can achieve extensible collecting nodes for larger scopes.(2)Aiming at the high cost of existing system,the system adopted the principles of universality and extensibility to design,which allows the system can be reused in different water areas,and increases the system utilization efficiency.(3)Aiming at the lack of functions,collecting nodes,data management servers,user clients and evaluation of water pollution were combined in the system.The system takes advantage of the powerful abilities of spatial analysis,data retrieval and graphical management of the GIS to integrate the water quality data and the spatial information,and can monitor the geographical position of the water area rapidly.The system can also display the monitoring results with electronic reports,statistical analysis.charts and thematic maps.The system was able to predict the variation trends of water pollution,trace the source of pollution and provide important basis for the planning and making policy.