| Camellia oleifera Abel is a Camellia Linn plant belonging to the family Theaceae.It is a perennial woody oil crop,and its fruit is rich in tea oil.The oil-tea-cake is a by-product of tea oil extracted from camellia oleifera.It is also known as tea dried cake,tea cake,samovar,tea bran,etc.,whose amount is three times equivalent to that of tea oil.According to the "Guidelines for Accelerating the Development of the Camellia Industry in Guizhou Province," by 2020,it is expected that there will be 4,000,000 mu Camellia oleifera Abel,120,000 tons of tea oil production and 360,000 tons of camellia cakes.Due to the bitterness and toxicity of camellia cake,a large number of camellia cakes have been discarded,resulting in a great waste of resources.Moreover,in addition to residual oil,the oil tea cake also contains functional ingredients such as proteins,polysaccharides,tea saponin,polyphenols,alkaloids,and tannins.Among them,tea saponin is a natural non-ionic surfactant,which has the function of emulsifying,dispersing,foaming,moisturizing,etc.and the pharmacological effects,such as anti-inflammation,analgesia,anti-infiltration.So it is widely used in various fields including washing,wool spinning,knitting,medicine,daily-use chemicals;polyphenols makes a difference in scavenging free radicals and preventing the diseases;polysaccharides can significantly prolong the time of thrombosis,shorten the length of thrombus,and thus play a pharmacological role in anti-thrombosis;tea polysaccharide has the hypoglycemic effect,and may also have the effect of repairing glycometabolic disorders.The oil-tea-cake should be recycled and turned into treasure.If so,it can generate huge economic and social value.Therefore,this dissertation,through pilot studies,focuses on the continuous extraction and purification of tea saponin,camellia polyphenols and camellia oleracea polysaccharides.This study can not only extend the industrial chain of Camellia oleifera,but also recycle the resource.The paper mainly launches from the following four parts:1.Study on continuous extraction process of tea saponin and camellia polyphenols.Based on the single factor and orthogonal test of the extraction of tea saponin and oil tea polyphenols,the extraction parameters of tea saponin and camellia oleracea polysaccharides were compared,and the extraction conditions of the two components were basically the same and the extraction was the best.The parameters were as follows: extraction solvent is 60% ethanol,extraction time is 60 min,solid-liquid ratio is 1:15,extraction temperature is 60?,extraction times are 2 times,and continuous extraction of tea saponin and oil tea polyphenols was achieved accordingly.2.Study on continuous purification process of tea saponin and camellia polyphenols.Through resin screening,static and dynamic adsorption.The LX-60 resin was found to have good separation and purification effects on these two components.After purification,the content of polyphenols reached 28.91%,and the purity of tea saponin reached 77.26%.The purified tea saponin was purified by acid water,and the average purity of tea saponin reached 95.68%.3.Study on extraction and purification of polysaccharides from camellia.The extraction process of polysaccharides was optimized by single factor and orthogonal test.The extraction conditions were extraction time for 2h,solid-liquid ratio for 1:25,and extraction temperature for 80?,extraction times for 2 times.The water extract passed through the alcohol precipitation step to obtain a finished polysaccharide with a purity of 61.22%.4.Study on Pilot Process of Tea Saponin,Camellia Polyphenols and Camellia Polysaccharides.Three batches of in-process test certificates were carried out,each batch of 3 kg.The results showed that the purity of tea saponin was more than 95.21% in 3 batches of commissioning products,the yield was more than 6.33%,the recovery rate was over 50.15%,the purity of oil tea polyphenols was over 21.60%,the yield was 3.67%,and the recovery rate was 13.27%.The purity of the tea polysaccharides was more than 61.69%,the yield was 7.70%,and the recovery rate was 41.70% or more.The recovery rate of this process is relatively stable,and the results of the pilot test are more qualified,thus providing the possibility for input into industrial batch production. |
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